为抗洪房屋设计材料数据库

Syed Muhammad Shahrukh Ali, Rana Rabnanwaz Ahmed
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引用次数: 0

摘要

洪水是 21 世纪经常发生的灾害,全世界每年平均发生 370 次洪水灾害,其中 168 次发生在巴基斯坦。根据国际灾害数据库(IDD)的数据,2022 年全球有 5710 万人受到洪灾影响,其中巴基斯坦有 3300 万人。面对如此巨大的影响,洪灾管理显得至关重要。幸运的是,洪灾并不是一种无法减轻后果的灾害。其中一个显而易见的方法是回顾过去,即开展救灾工作,但这并不是首选。相反,应该以前瞻性的方式看待问题,即建造抗洪房屋(FRH)。文献中提出了各种洪灾缓解策略,本文将对此进行讨论。不过,从文献综述中也可以看出,使用各种抗洪材料(FRM)可以提高房屋抵御洪水和极端降雨条件的能力。与其他发展中国家一样,由于全球经济危机,在巴基斯坦,是否有成本效益高的材料可用于建造 FRH 是一个令人担忧的问题。此外,市场上可获得的结构化信息也非常少。本研究通过设计 FRH 通用材料数据库,并讨论其在巴基斯坦的可能用途,为填补这一研究空白做出了贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Designing a Material Database for the Flood-Resistant Housing
Flooding has been a recurring disaster in the 21st century, with an annual average of 168 out of 370 events worldwide. According to the International Disaster Database (IDD), 57.1 million people were impacted by floods worldwide in 2022, with Pakistan accounting for 33 million people. With that massive impact, its management is of utmost importance, and fortunately, flood is not a type of disaster whose consequences cannot be mitigated. One of the obvious way is to look at the damages in retrospective way i.e., doing relief works, but it should be a less preferred choice. Rather, looking things in a prospective manner i.e., building flood-resistant houses (FRH). In literature, various flood mitigation strategies were present, which are discussed in this paper. However, it is also observed from the literature review that, the usage of various flood-resistant materials (FRM) results in improving the house ability to withstand inundation and extreme rainfall conditions. Like other developing countries, due to the global economic crises, availability of cost-effective materials for building FRH is currently a matter of concern in Pakistan. Furthermore, there is very little structured information available in the market as well. This study contributes in addressing this research gap, by designing a generic material database for FRH, and discuss its possible usage in the context of Pakistan.
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