鞑靼斯坦农村地区在实施居民自我纳税制度的十年间做了哪些工作

E. Sagdieva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

鞑靼斯坦共和国市政当局的预算赤字迫使地方当局寻找额外的资金来源来解决农村居民点的问题。其中一个途径就是让农村市镇参与到公民自我税收制度的发展中来。该制度自 2013 年起在鞑靼斯坦实施。文章的任务是评估自征税制度在共和国农村居民点运行 10 年来积累的效果。通过分析俄罗斯联邦和鞑靼斯坦共和国的立法框架,作者揭示了公民自行纳税制度中使用的基本概念和规定。通过在鞑靼斯坦共和国各市对农村居民点的负责人、代表和积极分子进行访谈,研究了过去十年中公众参与自我税收制度的经验和特点。研究结果表明,自征税制度的实施效果体现在村民对其信任度的提高、几乎百分之百的税款征收、村民参与市政预算计划的制定、鞑靼斯坦农村社区代表公民责任的增强等方面。自行征税制度的 "外部 "效应体现在解决了大量当地重要问题:修复和修建农村道路、供水、路灯、改善墓地、纪念碑和方尖碑、垃圾箱场地、人行道、堤坝、泉水、公园和公共花园。这份工程清单还远未完成,但通过村民自筹税款制度和鞑靼斯坦政府机构的共同资助,大大提高了共和国农村生活的水平和质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
What has been done in rural Tatarstan during a decade of implementing the system of population’ self-taxation
The budget deficit in municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan forces local authorities to search for additional sources of funding to solve the problems of rural settlements. One of the ways was the participation of rural municipalities in the development of a system of self-taxation for citizens. It has been implemented in Tatarstan since 2013. The article sets the task of assessing the effects of the self-taxation system in rural settlements of the republic, accumulated over 10 years of its operation. By analyzing the legislative framework of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan, the author reveals the basic concepts and provisions used in the system of self-taxation of citizens. Using interviews he conducted in municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan with heads, deputies, and activists of rural settlements, the experience of using and features of public participation in the self-taxation system over the past ten years was examined. It was revealed that the results of the implementation of the self-taxation system are expressed in an increased level of trust in it on the part of villagers, in almost one hundred percent collection of contributions, in the involvement of village residents in the formation of municipal budget plans, in increasing the civic responsibility of representatives of rural communities of Tatarstan. The “external” effect of the self-taxation system is expressed in the number of solved problems of local importance: repair and construction of rural roads, water supply, street lighting, improvement of cemeteries, monuments and obelisks, sites for garbage containers, sidewalks, embankments, springs, parks and public gardens. This list of work of conducted works, which is far from complete, using the villagers’ self-taxation system and through co-financing from the government bodies of Tatarstan, has significantly increased the level and quality of rural life in the republic.
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