Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Puguntano Herb (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) and Effect on Superoxidase Dismutase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Doxorubicin-Induced Rats

Antioxidants are chemicals that inhibit free radical oxidation. Puguntano plants have secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to act as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of Puguntano in vitro and in vivo. Secondary metabolite examination was carried out using thin-layer chromatography. Antioxidant activity was tested using the ABTS and FRAP methods, and a complete analysis of phenols and flavonoids was also carried out. Examination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in blood serum was carried out in vivo on male white rats induced by 10 mg/kg BW Doxorubicin using the Elisa Reader Kit. Ethanol extract test samples were carried out with dose groups of 400, 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg BW; Quercetin 50 mg/kg BW was used as a positive control. The results showed that the sample had total phenolics of 20.22 ± 0.96 mg GAE/g and total flavonoids of 1.11 ± 0.06 mg QE/g. The IC50 value with ABTS was 419.73 ± 1.61 μg/mL and FRAP 36.77 ± 0.71 μg/mL. SOD and LDH levels increased and showed significant differences with negative controls (p < 0.05). The 400 and 200 mg/kg BW groups significantly increased SOD levels (1.47 ± 0.03 and 1.46 ± 0.02 U/mL) and LDH (8.02 ± 0.01 and 7.90 ± 0.04 ng/mL). These results show the potential of this plant as an antioxidant that can be developed.