新古土著领地广泛存在的亚马逊黑土地

IF 25.7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Samuel L. Goldberg, Morgan J. Schmidt, Joshua D. Himmelstein, Michael Heckenberger, Bruna Franchetto, Helena Lima, Jennifer Watling, Bruno Moraes, Wetherbee B. Dorshow, Carlos Fausto, Kumessi Waura, Huke Kuikuro, Taku Wate Kuikuro, Afukaka Kuikuro, J. Taylor Perron
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引用次数: 0

摘要

亚马逊黑土(ADE)是亚马逊地区过去的居民创造的富含养分和碳的土壤。由于亚马逊黑土在文化和环境方面的重要性,了解亚马逊黑土的范围是非常有价值的,但用传统的野外方法来系统地绘制亚马逊黑土的分布图和范围图是不切实际的。我们利用遥感图像和机器学习分类器以及经过地面实验的训练数据,预测巴西亚马逊东南部 26,000 平方公里的新古印第安领地(TIX)内 ADE 的发生情况。我们发现,ADE 在整个 TIX 地区非常普遍,远远超出了之前研究过的考古遗址,至少占据了陆地面积的 3-4%。我们进一步估计,在过去人类输入的 ADE 沉积物中,TIX 可能封存了 900 万吨碳。我们的研究结果表明,TIX 的古代居民极大地改变了他们的环境,鉴于气候变化和森林砍伐带来的威胁,我们强调了保护这一自然和文化资源的重要性。人类过去对亚马逊地区土地的改造形成了富含养分和碳的土壤沉积,具有重要的文化和环境价值。一种新的遥感和机器学习方法揭示了亚马逊黑土地的范围及其潜在的大量碳库。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Widespread Amazonian dark earth in the Xingu Indigenous Territory

Widespread Amazonian dark earth in the Xingu Indigenous Territory
Amazonian dark earth (ADE) is highly nutrient- and carbon-rich soil created by past inhabitants of the Amazon. It would be valuable to know the extent of ADE because of its cultural and environmental importance, but systematic efforts to map its distribution and extent are impractical with traditional field methods. We use remote-sensing imagery and a machine-learning classifier with ground-truthed training data to predict the occurrence of ADE across the 26,000 km2 Território Indígena do Xingu (TIX) in the southeastern Amazon region of Brazil. We find widespread ADE across the TIX, well beyond previously studied archaeological sites, occupying at least 3–4% of the land area. We further estimate that the TIX may sequester 9 Mt of carbon within ADE deposits from past human inputs. Our findings show that ancient inhabitants of the TIX substantially modified their environment, highlighting the importance of conserving this natural and cultural resource given threats from climate change and deforestation. Past human land modification in the Amazon has resulted in nutrient- and carbon-rich soil deposits of great cultural and environmental value. A new remote-sensing and machine-learning approach reveals the extent of Amazonian dark earth and its potentially substantial carbon reservoir.
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来源期刊
Nature Sustainability
Nature Sustainability Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
41.90
自引率
1.10%
发文量
159
期刊介绍: Nature Sustainability aims to facilitate cross-disciplinary dialogues and bring together research fields that contribute to understanding how we organize our lives in a finite world and the impacts of our actions. Nature Sustainability will not only publish fundamental research but also significant investigations into policies and solutions for ensuring human well-being now and in the future.Its ultimate goal is to address the greatest challenges of our time.
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