A review of recent developments and challenges in the brain-machine interface

With the advancement of technology and materials, brain-machine interface technology is also developing rapidly and has achieved a lot in recent years. However, BMI still needs to overcome many challenges due to the short development time. This paper reviews the development of BCI in recent years, mainly focusing on electrode materials, BMI signals (EEG and ECoG), BMI applications, and the challenges of BMI. In terms of electrode materials, nanomaterials have made significant progress and shown good biocompatibility. Regarding BMI signals, EEG is often associated with mood research and machine learning, while ECoG is widely used to treat diseases. BMI is mainly used in medicine (recovery of movement and brain sensation) and the life entertainment field. The challenges facing BMI today are mainly animal experiments in neuroethics and the imperfection of BMI in electrode materials.