肢体整合度降低是具有不同运动适应性的灵长类支系的特征。

IF 3.1 1区 地球科学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Jeffrey K. Spear
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引用次数: 0

摘要

智人表现出了惊人的多种运动适应性--包括指节行走、肱骨行走、四肢悬空行走和跨步两足行走--同时也拥有与前肢悬空行走相关的形态。有人认为,肢体元素整合的变化减少了序列同源物之间的共变,使肢体长度的进化更加多样化,从而促进了多种运动模式的进化。在这里,我比较了类人猿与其他灵长类动物的肢元整合情况,包括两个在前肢形态上与类人猿趋同的类群:Ateles 和 Pygathrix。Ateles属于一个表现出多种运动适应性的类群,例如类人猿,而Pygathrix则是一个同质性(在运动适应性方面)更高的类群中的异常类群。我发现,不仅是 Ateles 类,所有 Atelines 类(也可能是所有 Atelids 类)都与类人猿一样,肢元整合能力较弱。然而,Pygathrix 与同科的其他成员并不相似。尽管猿类使用前肢和后肢的方式不同,但印地安类似乎也比猿类具有更高的肢体整合能力,不过由于样本量较少,这一类别的不确定性更大。这些结果表明,肢体整合度降低是某些具有高度运动多样性的类群的特征,而不是具有特定的、专门的运动适应性的类群的特征。这与集成度降低有助于为这些类群开辟新的形态空间的假说是一致的,同时也表明对肢体有不同要求的派生运动并不一定与肢体集成度降低有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reduced limb integration characterizes primate clades with diverse locomotor adaptations

Hominoids exhibit a strikingly diverse set of locomotor adaptations—including knuckle-walking, brachiation, quadrumanuous suspension, and striding bipedalism—while also possessing morphologies associated with forelimb suspension. It has been suggested that changes in limb element integration facilitated the evolution of diverse locomotor modes by reducing covariation between serial homologs and allowing the evolution of a greater diversity of limb lengths. Here, I compare limb element integration in hominoids with that of other primate taxa, including two that have converged with them in forelimb morphology, Ateles and Pygathrix. Ateles is part of a clade that, such as hominoids, exhibits diverse locomotor adaptations, whereas Pygathrix is an anomaly in a much more homogeneous (in terms of locomotor adaptations) clade. I find that all atelines (and possibly all atelids), not just Ateles, share reduced limb element integration with hominoids. Pygathrix does not, however, instead resembling other members of its own family. Indriids also seem to have higher limb integration than apes, despite using their forelimbs and hindlimbs in divergent ways, although there is more uncertainty in this group due to poor sample size. These results suggest that reduced limb integration is characteristic of certain taxonomic groups with high locomotor diversity rather than taxa with specific, specialized locomotor adaptations. This is consistent with the hypothesis that reduced integration serves to open new areas of morphospace to those clades while suggesting that derived locomotion with divergent demands on limbs is not necessarily associated with reduced limb integration.

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来源期刊
Journal of Human Evolution
Journal of Human Evolution 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
15.60%
发文量
104
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Human Evolution concentrates on publishing the highest quality papers covering all aspects of human evolution. The central focus is aimed jointly at paleoanthropological work, covering human and primate fossils, and at comparative studies of living species, including both morphological and molecular evidence. These include descriptions of new discoveries, interpretative analyses of new and previously described material, and assessments of the phylogeny and paleobiology of primate species. Submissions should address issues and questions of broad interest in paleoanthropology.
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