A Review: The bioactivities and mechanisms of fungus extracts and compounds in colon cancer

Colon cancer is a malignant tumor caused by a malignant lesion of the colonic mucosal epithelium, with a high incidence in recent years. Fungi substances contain polysaccharides, terpenes, flavonoids and other chemical components, and the diversity of chemical components determines the strength of its biological activity. Studies have shown that the chemical components in fungi can be used as drugs to inhibit the growth of colon cancer. All available information about the bioactivities and mechanisms of fungus extracts and compounds in colon cancer was supplied by library database and electronic search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, Web of Science, Google Scholar, etc.). Fungi reflect significant anti colon cancer effects through effects on colon cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, tumor growth and protein expression. At present, most research focus on colon cancer cells and animal models. This review is on the purpose of the inhibition effects of chemical components in fungi on colon cancer at two levels in vivo and in vitro were reviewed. All the studies demonstrated significant improvements in colorectal cancer cells and animals after the fungi substances interventions. In this review, we give a complete overview of this subject, and summarizes recent research findings about molecular mechanisms on anti colorectal cancer.