短期和长期臭氧污染都会改变稻谷的化学成分

IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Guoyou Zhang, Xiaoya Pan, Yaxin Hu, Rong Cao, Qinan Hu, Rao Fu, Risalat Hamdulla, Bo Shang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

不断增加的地面臭氧(O3)正威胁着粮食安全,尤其是在亚洲地区,而水稻是亚洲地区最重要的主食作物之一。臭氧的时空异质性可能会加剧臭氧对水稻的影响。为了提高评估的准确性并制定有效的适应措施,迫切需要直接数据。然而,目前还缺乏有关臭氧对稻谷短期影响的研究。这可能会导致低估 O3 的影响。通过一项田间试验,我们研究了水稻栽培品种的谷粒氮、谷粒碳和谷粒蛋白质对高浓度臭氧(40 ppb 加上背景空气中的臭氧,即 eO3)的反应,特别是考察了不同植物生长阶段短期 eO3 的影响。我们发现,在一个敏感的水稻栽培品种中,长期 eO3 使谷物氮增加了 29.29%,而分蘖期和拔节期的短期 eO3 使谷物氮增加了 19.31%,短期和长期 eO3 使谷物碳氮比分别降低了 14.70% 和 21.14%。我们在此证明,短期 eO3 可能会显著影响水稻谷粒的化学成分。以前对 eO3 影响的评估可能被低估了。此外,与打顶和成熟阶段相比,在水稻植株分蘖和拔节期添加短期 eO3 时,谷物氮和谷物蛋白质的变化更大。这些结果表明,要提高水稻对 eO3 的耐受性以实现粮食安全,今后需要进行栽培品种筛选研究,并开发特定生长阶段的适应性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Both Short-term and Long-term Ozone Pollution Alters the Chemical Composition of rice Grain

Both Short-term and Long-term Ozone Pollution Alters the Chemical Composition of rice Grain

The increasing ground-level ozone (O3) is threatening food security, especially in Asian areas, where rice is one of the most important staple crops. O3 impacts on rice could be exacerbated by its spatiotemporal heterogeneity. To improve evaluation accuracy and develop effective adaptations, direct data is urgently needed. Studies on the short-term effects of O3 on rice grain, however, are lacking. Which may lead to an underestimation of the O3 impacts. Through a field experiment, we studied the responses of grain nitrogen, grain carbon, and grain protein in rice cultivars to elevated concentrations of O3 (40 ppb plus that in background air, eO3), especially examining the effects of short-term eO3 during different plant growth stages. We found that long-term eO3 increased grain nitrogen by 29.29% in a sensitive rice cultivar, and short-term eO3 at the tillering and jointing stages increased grain nitrogen by 19.31%, and the grain carbon to nitrogen ratio was decreased by 14.70%, and 21.14% by short-term and long-term eO3. Here we demonstrate that short-term eO3 may significantly affect the chemical composition of rice grains. Previous evaluations of the effects of eO3 may be underestimated. Moreover, changes in the grain nitrogen and grain protein were greater when the short-term eO3 was added to rice plants during the tillering and jointing stage, compared to heading and ripening stage. These results suggest that to improve the tolerance of rice to eO3 to achieve food security, studies on cultivar screening, as well as developing growth-stage-specific adaptations are needed in future.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
3.70%
发文量
230
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: The Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology(BECT) is a peer-reviewed journal that offers rapid review and publication. Accepted submissions will be presented as clear, concise reports of current research for a readership concerned with environmental contamination and toxicology. Scientific quality and clarity are paramount.
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