A comprehensive review of organic frameworks: From synthesis to perovskite solar cells fabrication

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are emerging as leading contenders in next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their high theoretical power conversion efficiency (PCE) limits and reduced fabrication costs. Organic framework materials, celebrated for their vast specific surface areas, abundant binding sites, tunable nanostructures, and synergistic effects, are extensively utilized to assist in the fabrication of PSCs. These materials are primarily employed to enhance the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. This review systematically explores the synthesis and functionalization of organic framework materials and their application across various layers of PSCs. Additionally, this review delves into how early-stage MOF synthesis routes and functionalization techniques impact the modification outcomes of later-stage MOF-modified PSCs. Finally, this review offers conclusions and prospects for organic framework materials in PSCs.