The effect of sodium bicarbonate mini-tablets ingested in a carbohydrate hydrogel system on 40 km cycling time trial performance and metabolism in trained male cyclists

Introduction

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) ingestion has been found to be ergogenic in high-intensity exercise that ranges from 1 to 10 min; however, limited studies have investigated high-intensity exercise beyond this duration.

Purpose

The present study aimed to determine the effect of NaHCO₃ ingested using a carbohydrate hydrogel delivery system on 40 km time trial (TT) performance in trained male cyclists.

Methods

Fourteen trained male cyclists ingested 0.3 g kg⁻¹ BM NaHCO₃ (Maurten AB, Sweden) to determine individualised peak alkalosis, which established time of ingestion prior to exercise. Participants completed a 40 km familiarisation TT, and two 40 km experimental TTs after ingestion of either NaHCO₃ or placebo in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design.

Results

NaHCO₃ supplementation improved performance (mean improvement = 54.14 s ± 18.16 s; p = 0.002, g = 0.22) and increased blood buffering capacity prior to (HCO₃⁻ mean increase = 5.6 ± 0.2 mmol L⁻¹, p < 0.001) and throughout exercise (f = 84.82, p < 0.001, pη² = 0.87) compared to placebo. There were no differences in total gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) between conditions either pre- (NaHCO₃, 22 AU; Placebo, 44 AU; p = 0.088, r = 0.46) or post-exercise (NaHCO₃, 76 AU; Placebo, 63 AU; p = 0.606, r = 0.14).

Conclusion

The present study suggests that ingesting NaHCO₃ mini-tablets in a carbohydrate hydrogel can enhance 40 km TT performance in trained male cyclists, with minimal GIS. This ingestion strategy could therefore be considered by cyclists looking for a performance enhancing ergogenic aid.