Kelsey M Sumner, Ruchi Yadav, Emma K Noble, Ryan Sandford, Devyani Joshi, Sara Y Tartof, Karen J Wernli, Emily T Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, Richard K Zimmerman, H Keipp Talbot, Carlos G Grijalva, Edward A Belongia, Jessie R Chung, Eric Rogier, Melissa M Coughlin, Brendan Flannery
{"title":"抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体水平与 COVID-19 对接受 SARS-CoV-2 检测的门诊患者的保护作用有关，美国流感疫苗有效性网络，2021 年 10 月至 2022 年 6 月。","authors":"Kelsey M Sumner, Ruchi Yadav, Emma K Noble, Ryan Sandford, Devyani Joshi, Sara Y Tartof, Karen J Wernli, Emily T Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, Richard K Zimmerman, H Keipp Talbot, Carlos G Grijalva, Edward A Belongia, Jessie R Chung, Eric Rogier, Melissa M Coughlin, Brendan Flannery","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae090","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We assessed associations between binding antibody (bAb) concentration <5 days from symptom onset and testing positive for COVID-19 among patients in a test-negative study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2021 to June 2022, study sites in 7 states enrolled patients aged ≥6 months presenting with acute respiratory illness. Respiratory specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2. In blood specimens, we measured concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid antigens from the ancestral strain in standardized bAb units (BAU). Percentage change in odds of COVID-19 by increasing anti-RBD bAb was estimated via logistic regression as (1 - adjusted odds ratio of COVID-19) × 100, adjusting for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses, age, site, and high-risk exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2018 symptomatic patients, 662 (33%) tested positive for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Geometric mean RBD bAb levels were lower among COVID-19 cases than SARS-CoV-2 test-negative controls during the Delta-predominant period (112 vs 498 BAU/mL) and Omicron-predominant period (823 vs 1189 BAU/mL). Acute-phase ancestral spike RBD bAb levels associated with 50% lower odds of COVID-19 were 1968 BAU/mL against Delta and 3375 BAU/mL against Omicron; thresholds may differ in other laboratories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During acute illness, antibody concentrations against ancestral spike RBD were associated with protection against COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272097/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels Associated With COVID-19 Protection in Outpatients Tested for SARS-CoV-2, US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network, October 2021-June 2022.\",\"authors\":\"Kelsey M Sumner, Ruchi Yadav, Emma K Noble, Ryan Sandford, Devyani Joshi, Sara Y Tartof, Karen J Wernli, Emily T Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, Richard K Zimmerman, H Keipp Talbot, Carlos G Grijalva, Edward A Belongia, Jessie R Chung, Eric Rogier, Melissa M Coughlin, Brendan Flannery\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/infdis/jiae090\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We assessed associations between binding antibody (bAb) concentration <5 days from symptom onset and testing positive for COVID-19 among patients in a test-negative study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2021 to June 2022, study sites in 7 states enrolled patients aged ≥6 months presenting with acute respiratory illness. Respiratory specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2. In blood specimens, we measured concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid antigens from the ancestral strain in standardized bAb units (BAU). Percentage change in odds of COVID-19 by increasing anti-RBD bAb was estimated via logistic regression as (1 - adjusted odds ratio of COVID-19) × 100, adjusting for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses, age, site, and high-risk exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2018 symptomatic patients, 662 (33%) tested positive for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Geometric mean RBD bAb levels were lower among COVID-19 cases than SARS-CoV-2 test-negative controls during the Delta-predominant period (112 vs 498 BAU/mL) and Omicron-predominant period (823 vs 1189 BAU/mL). Acute-phase ancestral spike RBD bAb levels associated with 50% lower odds of COVID-19 were 1968 BAU/mL against Delta and 3375 BAU/mL against Omicron; thresholds may differ in other laboratories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During acute illness, antibody concentrations against ancestral spike RBD were associated with protection against COVID-19.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50179,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272097/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae090\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae090","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels Associated With COVID-19 Protection in Outpatients Tested for SARS-CoV-2, US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network, October 2021-June 2022.
Background: We assessed associations between binding antibody (bAb) concentration <5 days from symptom onset and testing positive for COVID-19 among patients in a test-negative study.
Methods: From October 2021 to June 2022, study sites in 7 states enrolled patients aged ≥6 months presenting with acute respiratory illness. Respiratory specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2. In blood specimens, we measured concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid antigens from the ancestral strain in standardized bAb units (BAU). Percentage change in odds of COVID-19 by increasing anti-RBD bAb was estimated via logistic regression as (1 - adjusted odds ratio of COVID-19) × 100, adjusting for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses, age, site, and high-risk exposure.
Results: Out of 2018 symptomatic patients, 662 (33%) tested positive for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Geometric mean RBD bAb levels were lower among COVID-19 cases than SARS-CoV-2 test-negative controls during the Delta-predominant period (112 vs 498 BAU/mL) and Omicron-predominant period (823 vs 1189 BAU/mL). Acute-phase ancestral spike RBD bAb levels associated with 50% lower odds of COVID-19 were 1968 BAU/mL against Delta and 3375 BAU/mL against Omicron; thresholds may differ in other laboratories.
Conclusions: During acute illness, antibody concentrations against ancestral spike RBD were associated with protection against COVID-19.
期刊介绍：
Published continuously since 1904, The Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) is the premier global journal for original research on infectious diseases. The editors welcome Major Articles and Brief Reports describing research results on microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and related disciplines, on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases; on the microbes that cause them; and on disorders of host immune responses. JID is an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
