猪粪降解与碳排放:好氧-厌氧联合转化的测量与建模。

IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Frederik R. Dalby, Sasha D. Hafner, Herald W. Ambrose, Anders Peter S. Adamsen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

液态牲畜粪便储存产生的温室气体排放严重加剧了全球变暖。精确的农场规模模型对于预测这些排放和评估粪肥管理策略至关重要,但这些模型依赖于描述碳损失动态的多个参数。地表呼吸作用可能会对碳损失和甲烷排放产生重大影响,但目前的模型并未明确包括地表呼吸作用。我们进行了实验来测量猪粪表面呼吸速率及其对有机物降解、甲烷和二氧化碳排放的影响。粪便在 10°C 或 20°C 好氧或厌氧条件下培养 283 天,同时测量甲烷和二氧化碳排放量。随后在 38°C 下进行厌氧消化。表面呼吸减少了有机物含量,这种影响与温度有关。甲烷的排放不受表面呼吸的影响,这表明底物的可用性不是甲烷生成的速率限制因素。10°C 和 20°C 时的表面呼吸速率分别为 18.1 ± 3.5 g CO2 m-2 day-1 和 37.1 ± 13.1 g CO2 m-2 day-1(平均值 ± 标准偏差),与不同粪便表面耗氧量的微传感器测量结果一致。根据这些结果,现有的厌氧生物降解模型(ABM)纳入了与温度和表面积相关的呼吸作用。模拟结果表明,在典型猪舍中,表面呼吸占碳损失的 29%,室外贮存占 8%。开发和完善表面呼吸等多种碳转化的算法,对于评估甲烷排放潜力和确定控制猪场排放的变量至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Pig manure degradation and carbon emission: Measuring and modeling combined aerobic–anaerobic transformations

Pig manure degradation and carbon emission: Measuring and modeling combined aerobic–anaerobic transformations

Greenhouse gas emissions from liquid livestock manure storage significantly contribute to global warming. Accurate farm-scale models are essential for predicting these emissions and evaluating manure management strategies, but they rely on multiple parameters describing carbon loss dynamics. Surface respiration may significantly influence carbon loss and methane emission, yet it is not explicitly included in current models. We conducted experiments to measure pig manure surface respiration rate and its effect on organic matter degradation and methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Manure was incubated for 283 days at 10°C or 20°C under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, while measuring methane and carbon dioxide emission. This was followed by anaerobic digestion at 38°C. Surface respiration reduced the organic matter content, and the effect was temperature dependent. Methane emission was not affected by surface respiration, suggesting that substrate availability was not rate-limiting for methanogenesis. Surface respiration rates were 18.1 ± 3.5 g CO2 m−2 day−1 at 10°C and 37.1 ± 13.1 g CO2 m−2 day−1 at 20°C (mean ± standard deviation) and were consistent with microsensor measurements of oxygen consumption in different manure surfaces. Based on these results, temperature- and surface area-dependent respiration was incorporated in the existing anaerobic biodegradation model (ABM). Simulations showed that surface respiration accounts for 29% of carbon losses in a typical pig house and 8% for outdoor storage. Developing and refining algorithms for diverse carbon transformations, such as surface respiration, is crucial for evaluating the potential for methane emission and identification of variables that control emissions at the farm scale.

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来源期刊
Journal of environmental quality
Journal of environmental quality 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
123
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in JEQ cover various aspects of anthropogenic impacts on the environment, including agricultural, terrestrial, atmospheric, and aquatic systems, with emphasis on the understanding of underlying processes. To be acceptable for consideration in JEQ, a manuscript must make a significant contribution to the advancement of knowledge or toward a better understanding of existing concepts. The study should define principles of broad applicability, be related to problems over a sizable geographic area, or be of potential interest to a representative number of scientists. Emphasis is given to the understanding of underlying processes rather than to monitoring. Contributions are accepted from all disciplines for consideration by the editorial board. Manuscripts may be volunteered, invited, or coordinated as a special section or symposium.
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