{"title":"治疗尿道癌的疫苗方法。","authors":"Giulia Claire Giudice, Guru P Sonpavde","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BC) accounts for about 4% of all malignancies. Non-muscle-invasive BC, 75% of cases, is treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillation, while muscle-invasive BC warrants cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors, antibody drug conjugates and targeted agents have provided dramatic advances, metastatic BC remains a generally incurable disease and clinical trials continue to vigorously evaluate novel molecules. Cancer vaccines aim at activating the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Several means of delivering neoantigens have been developed, including peptides, antigen-presenting cells, virus, or nucleic acids. Various improvements are constantly being explored, such as adjuvants use and combination strategies. Nucleic acids-based vaccines are increasingly gaining attention in recent years, with promising results in other malignancies. However, despite the recent advantages, numerous obstacles persist. This review is aimed at describing the different types of cancer vaccines, their evaluations in UC patients and the more recent innovations in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2379086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268260/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Vaccine approaches to treat urothelial cancer.\",\"authors\":\"Giulia Claire Giudice, Guru P Sonpavde\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BC) accounts for about 4% of all malignancies. Non-muscle-invasive BC, 75% of cases, is treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillation, while muscle-invasive BC warrants cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors, antibody drug conjugates and targeted agents have provided dramatic advances, metastatic BC remains a generally incurable disease and clinical trials continue to vigorously evaluate novel molecules. Cancer vaccines aim at activating the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Several means of delivering neoantigens have been developed, including peptides, antigen-presenting cells, virus, or nucleic acids. Various improvements are constantly being explored, such as adjuvants use and combination strategies. Nucleic acids-based vaccines are increasingly gaining attention in recent years, with promising results in other malignancies. However, despite the recent advantages, numerous obstacles persist. This review is aimed at describing the different types of cancer vaccines, their evaluations in UC patients and the more recent innovations in this field.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49067,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics\",\"volume\":\"20 1\",\"pages\":\"2379086\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268260/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/7/23 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/23 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
膀胱癌(BC)约占所有恶性肿瘤的 4%。75%的非肌层浸润性膀胱癌采用经尿道切除术和膀胱内灌注辅助治疗,而肌层浸润性膀胱癌则需要基于顺铂的围手术期化疗。尽管免疫检查点抑制剂、抗体药物共轭物和靶向药物取得了巨大进展,但转移性 BC 一般仍是一种无法治愈的疾病,临床试验仍在继续大力评估新型分子。癌症疫苗旨在激活患者的免疫系统对抗肿瘤细胞。目前已开发出多种递送新抗原的方法,包括肽、抗原递呈细胞、病毒或核酸。目前正在不断探索各种改进方法,如佐剂的使用和组合策略。近年来,基于核酸的疫苗越来越受到关注,在其他恶性肿瘤中也取得了可喜的成果。然而,尽管核酸疫苗最近取得了一些优势,但仍存在许多障碍。本综述旨在介绍不同类型的癌症疫苗、对 UC 患者的评估以及该领域的最新创新。
Bladder cancer (BC) accounts for about 4% of all malignancies. Non-muscle-invasive BC, 75% of cases, is treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillation, while muscle-invasive BC warrants cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors, antibody drug conjugates and targeted agents have provided dramatic advances, metastatic BC remains a generally incurable disease and clinical trials continue to vigorously evaluate novel molecules. Cancer vaccines aim at activating the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Several means of delivering neoantigens have been developed, including peptides, antigen-presenting cells, virus, or nucleic acids. Various improvements are constantly being explored, such as adjuvants use and combination strategies. Nucleic acids-based vaccines are increasingly gaining attention in recent years, with promising results in other malignancies. However, despite the recent advantages, numerous obstacles persist. This review is aimed at describing the different types of cancer vaccines, their evaluations in UC patients and the more recent innovations in this field.
期刊介绍:
(formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619)
Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.