Guangting Mai, Zhizhao Jiang, Xinran Wang, Ilias Tachtsidis, Peter Howell
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Behaviourally, speech-in-noise performances were improved after retention (T2 vs. T0) but not immediately after training (T1 vs. T0). Neurally, we intriguingly found brain responses to speech vs. non-speech decreased significantly in the left auditory cortex after retention (T2 vs. T0 and T2 vs. T1) for which we interpret as suppressed processing of background noise during speech listening alongside the significant behavioural improvements. Meanwhile, functional connectivity within and between multiple regions of temporal, parietal and frontal lobes was significantly enhanced in the speech condition after retention (T2 vs. T0). We also found neural changes before the emergence of significant behavioural improvements. Compared to pre-training, responses to speech vs. non-speech in the left frontal/prefrontal cortex were decreased significantly both immediately after training (T1 vs. T0) and retention (T2 vs. T0), reflecting possible alleviation of listening efforts. Finally, connectivity was significantly decreased between auditory and higher-level non-auditory (parietal and frontal) cortices in response to visual stimuli immediately after training (T1 vs. T0), indicating decreased cross-modal takeover of speech-related regions during visual processing. The results thus showed that neuroplasticity can be observed not only at the same time with, but also before, behavioural changes in speech-in-noise perception. To our knowledge, this is the first fNIRS study to evaluate speech-based auditory neuroplasticity in older adults. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)是一种便携式无声无创光学神经成像技术,已成为评估听力障碍者听觉大脑功能的一种很有前途的工具。本研究首次使用 fNIRS 评估老年人在噪声中处理语音的神经可塑性。10 名老年人参加了为期 4 周的噪音语言训练,其中大多数人患有中度至轻度听力损失。他们在训练前(T0)和训练后(训练结束后立即进行,T1;保留 4 周后进行,T2)分别评估了他们的噪声语音表现以及对语音(噪声中的听觉句子)、非语音(噪声中的光谱旋转语音)和视觉(闪烁的棋盘)刺激的 fNIRS 大脑反应。从行为学角度看,在训练后(T2 与 T0 相比),噪音中的语言表达能力有所提高,但在训练后(T1 与 T0 相比),噪音中的语言表达能力并没有立即提高。在神经方面,我们有趣地发现,在保留训练后(T2 vs. T0 和 T2 vs. T1),左侧听觉皮层对语音与非语音的大脑反应显著下降,我们将此解释为在听语音时,除了行为上的显著改善外,背景噪声的处理也受到了抑制。同时,颞叶、顶叶和额叶多个区域内部和之间的功能连接在保留后的语音条件下(T2 与 T0 相比)显著增强。我们还发现,在出现明显的行为改善之前,神经系统也发生了变化。与训练前相比,左侧额叶/前额叶皮层对言语与非言语的反应在训练后(T1 vs. T0)和保持训练后(T2 vs. T0)都明显减少,这反映出听力努力可能有所减轻。最后,听觉皮层和高级非听觉皮层(顶叶和额叶)之间的连通性在训练后(T1 vs. T0)对视觉刺激的反应明显降低,这表明在视觉处理过程中语音相关区域的跨模态接管减少。结果表明,神经可塑性不仅可以与噪声中语音感知的行为变化同时观察到,而且可以在行为变化之前观察到。据我们所知,这是第一项评估老年人基于语音的听觉神经可塑性的 fNIRS 研究。因此,它为当前的研究提供了重要的启示,说明了在听力脆弱的个体中使用 fNIRS 检测神经可塑性的前景。
Neuroplasticity of Speech-in-Noise Processing in Older Adults Assessed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS).
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive optical neuroimaging technique that is portable and acoustically silent, has become a promising tool for evaluating auditory brain functions in hearing-vulnerable individuals. This study, for the first time, used fNIRS to evaluate neuroplasticity of speech-in-noise processing in older adults. Ten older adults, most of whom had moderate-to-mild hearing loss, participated in a 4-week speech-in-noise training. Their speech-in-noise performances and fNIRS brain responses to speech (auditory sentences in noise), non-speech (spectrally-rotated speech in noise) and visual (flashing chequerboards) stimuli were evaluated pre- (T0) and post-training (immediately after training, T1; and after a 4-week retention, T2). Behaviourally, speech-in-noise performances were improved after retention (T2 vs. T0) but not immediately after training (T1 vs. T0). Neurally, we intriguingly found brain responses to speech vs. non-speech decreased significantly in the left auditory cortex after retention (T2 vs. T0 and T2 vs. T1) for which we interpret as suppressed processing of background noise during speech listening alongside the significant behavioural improvements. Meanwhile, functional connectivity within and between multiple regions of temporal, parietal and frontal lobes was significantly enhanced in the speech condition after retention (T2 vs. T0). We also found neural changes before the emergence of significant behavioural improvements. Compared to pre-training, responses to speech vs. non-speech in the left frontal/prefrontal cortex were decreased significantly both immediately after training (T1 vs. T0) and retention (T2 vs. T0), reflecting possible alleviation of listening efforts. Finally, connectivity was significantly decreased between auditory and higher-level non-auditory (parietal and frontal) cortices in response to visual stimuli immediately after training (T1 vs. T0), indicating decreased cross-modal takeover of speech-related regions during visual processing. The results thus showed that neuroplasticity can be observed not only at the same time with, but also before, behavioural changes in speech-in-noise perception. To our knowledge, this is the first fNIRS study to evaluate speech-based auditory neuroplasticity in older adults. It thus provides important implications for current research by illustrating the promises of detecting neuroplasticity using fNIRS in hearing-vulnerable individuals.
期刊介绍:
Brain Topography publishes clinical and basic research on cognitive neuroscience and functional neurophysiology using the full range of imaging techniques including EEG, MEG, fMRI, TMS, diffusion imaging, spectroscopy, intracranial recordings, lesion studies, and related methods. Submissions combining multiple techniques are particularly encouraged, as well as reports of new and innovative methodologies.