Larissa Araújo dos Santos, Thaisa Sala Michelan, Francieli de Fátima Bomfim
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Zooplankton co-occurrence patterns in Amazon lotic systems along a forest cover gradient
Anthropic activities are expected to change species co-occurrence by altering niche availability and biotic interactions, which affects ecosystem functioning. We investigated the non-random co-occurrences of zooplankton species, which species have positive and negative co-occurrences, and which environmental factors (local and landscape) influence the species distribution and co-occurrences in Amazon lotic systems. We expected that variables related to intense changes in the landscape would influence species distribution and reduce positive and negative co-occurrences, increasing random associations. Our study was conducted in a river and twelve first- and second-order streams across three periods in the Amazon region of Brazil. We sampled zooplankton and physical and chemical variables and determined forest cover around the sampling sites. Co-occurrences were determined by probabilistic models. Total suspended solids, pH, and ammonium were the variables shaping zooplankton distribution. We observed 43 positive and six negative co-occurrences. Ammonium increased positive and negative co-occurrences and suspended solids decreased these associations. Our study provides insights into how environmental factors can alter niche availability and biotic interactions leading to different patterns of zooplankton co-occurrence in Amazon systems. This is the first study investigating such relationships in Amazon lotic systems and can help to understand risks to biodiversity and plan conservation strategies.
期刊介绍:
Hydrobiologia publishes original research, reviews and opinions regarding the biology of all aquatic environments, including the impact of human activities. We welcome molecular-, organism-, community- and ecosystem-level studies in contributions dealing with limnology and oceanography, including systematics and aquatic ecology. Hypothesis-driven experimental research is preferred, but also theoretical papers or articles with large descriptive content will be considered, provided they are made relevant to a broad hydrobiological audience. Applied aspects will be considered if firmly embedded in an ecological context.