Re-visible blind block network: An unsupervised seismic data random noise attenuation method

Noise is inevitable when acquiring seismic data, and effective random noise attenuation is crucial for seismic data processing and interpretation. Training and inferencing two-stage deep learning-based denoising methods typically require massive noisy–clean or noisy–noisy pairs to train the network. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised seismic data denoising framework called a re-visible blind block network. It is a training-as-inferencing one-stage method and utilizes only single noisy data for denoising, thereby eliminating the effort to prepare training data pairs. First, we introduce a global masker and a corresponding mask mapper to obtain the denoised result containing all blind block information, enabling simultaneous optimization of all blind blocks via the loss function. The global masker consists of two complementary block-wise masks. It is utilized to mask noisy data to obtain two corrupted data, which are then input into the denoising network for noise attenuation. The mask mapper samples the value of blind blocks in the denoised data and projects it onto the same channel to gather the denoised results of all blind blocks together. Second, the original noisy data are incorporated into the network training process to prevent information loss, and a hybrid loss function is employed for updating the network parameters. Synthetic and field seismic data experiments demonstrate that our proposed method can protect seismic signals while suppressing random noise compared with traditional methods and several state-of-the-art unsupervised deep learning denoising techniques.