Highly Sensitive Silver/Tin Selenide/Graphene Multilayer SPR Sensor for Hemoglobin and Glucose Levels Monitoring in Biological Fluids

This work presents the simulation of a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor composed of silver/tin-selenide/graphene. The designed sensor aims to detect biological constituents in various chemical and biological solutions. While simulation packages based on finite element methods (FEM) are typically utilized in engineering and physics for structural and fluid dynamics analyses, their application in medical diagnostics is less common. In this study, we employed a simple FEM simulation method for medical diagnostics. The functionality of the proposed FEM-based simulated biosensor is examined by testing it on hemoglobin and glucose samples of a diabetic person. In the blood samples analyzed, a 6.1025 g/l increase in hemoglobin (HB) level corresponded to a 0.001 refractive index unit (RIU) increment. The SPR sensor design presented in this work demonstrated a novel capability to detect such minute changes using a simple and cost-effective setup, achieving an angular sensitivity of 158 deg/RIU. Additionally, the SPR sensor was employed for detecting glucose concentrations in urine samples, offering a potential indicator for diabetes diagnosis. The novelty of this SPR sensor lies in its simple schematic design, enabling precise detection of both hemoglobin and glucose levels.