Millimeter Wave Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using High Quality Factor Temperature Stable Dielectric Ceramic Composite K18 for 5G Applications

Driven by the unrelenting perpetual demand of unparalleled network speed and capacity, millimeter wave (mm W) communication stands as an unequivocal pinnacle for 5G technology, compelling the imperative deployment of cutting-edge, high-performance antennas. In the vanguard of antenna innovation, this research introduces a mm W dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) distinguished by its state-of-the-art high quality factor temperature stable composite dielectric ceramic 0.3MgTiO₃–0.6Mg₂TiO₄–0.1(Ca_0.7La_0.3)(Ti_0.7Al_0.3)O₃ (MT-CLTA). Astoundingly, MT-CLTA composite ceramic prepared by the solid state reaction method at sintering temperature of 1230 °C showcased remarkable microwave dielectric properties characterized by optimal permittivity (ε_r) ≈ 18.0, high quality factor (Q × f) ≈ 51,700@14.47 GHz, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) ≈ −4.6 ppm/°C. At mm W frequencies, small size of DRA may pose challenges for precise fabrication. Therefore, larger DRA is designed with higher-order TE_δ31 radiation mode of rectangular RDRA, excited using an aperture-coupled microstrip line feed structure to increase its electrical size at mm W frequency. RDRA demonstrates excellent radiation performance with a resonance frequency of 27.60, 1.22 GHz impedance bandwidth, measured realized gain of 6.55 dBi, and maximum radiation efficiency of 97%. Embodying virtues of high-quality factor, high gain, and temperature stability, this innovation boldly signals its application potential for 5G mm W communication.