Joel Crawford, Elizabeth S Collier, Marcus Bendtsen
{"title":"数字酒精干预的个性化治疗效果及其与参与者特征和参与度的关联。","authors":"Joel Crawford, Elizabeth S Collier, Marcus Bendtsen","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae049","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Conditional average treatment effects are often reported in intervention studies, in which assumptions are made regarding how effects are similar across a heterogeneous sample. Nonetheless, differing factors, such as genetics, age, and sex, can impact an intervention's effect on outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the individualized effects of a digital alcohol intervention among individuals looking online to reduce their drinking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 2129 adults from the Swedish general population. The RCT concerned a text message-based alcohol intervention that sought to engender change through increasing knowledge on how to change and instilling confidence in changing behaviour. Outcomes were total weekly alcohol consumption and monthly heavy episodic drinking. Individualized treatment effects were modelled using baseline characteristics (age, gender, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial variables) and engagement with the intervention content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found evidence that the effects of the digital alcohol intervention were heterogeneous concerning participants' age, baseline alcohol consumption, confidence, and importance. For heavy episodic drinking, there was evidence that effects were heterogeneous concerning age, sex, and baseline alcohol consumption. Overall, women, older individuals, and heavier drinkers benefitted more from the intervention in terms of effect size. In addition, participants who engaged more with the goal-setting and screening content reported better outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight how different individuals respond differently to a digital alcohol intervention. This allows insight into who benefits the most and least from the intervention and highlights the potential merit of designing interventions adapted to different individuals' needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11260484/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Individualized treatment effects of a digital alcohol intervention and their associations with participant characteristics and engagement.\",\"authors\":\"Joel Crawford, Elizabeth S Collier, Marcus Bendtsen\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/alcalc/agae049\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Conditional average treatment effects are often reported in intervention studies, in which assumptions are made regarding how effects are similar across a heterogeneous sample. Nonetheless, differing factors, such as genetics, age, and sex, can impact an intervention's effect on outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the individualized effects of a digital alcohol intervention among individuals looking online to reduce their drinking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 2129 adults from the Swedish general population. The RCT concerned a text message-based alcohol intervention that sought to engender change through increasing knowledge on how to change and instilling confidence in changing behaviour. Outcomes were total weekly alcohol consumption and monthly heavy episodic drinking. Individualized treatment effects were modelled using baseline characteristics (age, gender, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial variables) and engagement with the intervention content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found evidence that the effects of the digital alcohol intervention were heterogeneous concerning participants' age, baseline alcohol consumption, confidence, and importance. For heavy episodic drinking, there was evidence that effects were heterogeneous concerning age, sex, and baseline alcohol consumption. Overall, women, older individuals, and heavier drinkers benefitted more from the intervention in terms of effect size. In addition, participants who engaged more with the goal-setting and screening content reported better outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight how different individuals respond differently to a digital alcohol intervention. This allows insight into who benefits the most and least from the intervention and highlights the potential merit of designing interventions adapted to different individuals' needs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7407,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Alcohol and alcoholism\",\"volume\":\"59 5\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11260484/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Alcohol and alcoholism\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae049\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"SUBSTANCE ABUSE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Alcohol and alcoholism","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae049","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"SUBSTANCE ABUSE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Individualized treatment effects of a digital alcohol intervention and their associations with participant characteristics and engagement.
Aims: Conditional average treatment effects are often reported in intervention studies, in which assumptions are made regarding how effects are similar across a heterogeneous sample. Nonetheless, differing factors, such as genetics, age, and sex, can impact an intervention's effect on outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the individualized effects of a digital alcohol intervention among individuals looking online to reduce their drinking.
Methods: We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 2129 adults from the Swedish general population. The RCT concerned a text message-based alcohol intervention that sought to engender change through increasing knowledge on how to change and instilling confidence in changing behaviour. Outcomes were total weekly alcohol consumption and monthly heavy episodic drinking. Individualized treatment effects were modelled using baseline characteristics (age, gender, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial variables) and engagement with the intervention content.
Results: We found evidence that the effects of the digital alcohol intervention were heterogeneous concerning participants' age, baseline alcohol consumption, confidence, and importance. For heavy episodic drinking, there was evidence that effects were heterogeneous concerning age, sex, and baseline alcohol consumption. Overall, women, older individuals, and heavier drinkers benefitted more from the intervention in terms of effect size. In addition, participants who engaged more with the goal-setting and screening content reported better outcomes.
Conclusions: The results highlight how different individuals respond differently to a digital alcohol intervention. This allows insight into who benefits the most and least from the intervention and highlights the potential merit of designing interventions adapted to different individuals' needs.
期刊介绍:
About the Journal
Alcohol and Alcoholism publishes papers on the biomedical, psychological, and sociological aspects of alcoholism and alcohol research, provided that they make a new and significant contribution to knowledge in the field.
Papers include new results obtained experimentally, descriptions of new experimental (including clinical) methods of importance to the field of alcohol research and treatment, or new interpretations of existing results.
Theoretical contributions are considered equally with papers dealing with experimental work provided that such theoretical contributions are not of a largely speculative or philosophical nature.