根据表型性状和对胁迫的产量反应鉴定高产耐旱小麦品种

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Yibo Li, Fulu Tao, Yuanfeng Hao, Yonggui Xiao, Zhonghu He, Matthew Reynolds
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引用次数: 0

摘要

干旱是影响植物生长和生产力的最不利因素之一。鉴定赋予高产潜力和耐旱性的精英基因型及其表型性状对于选育耐旱小麦栽培品种至关重要。在本研究中,我们于2018年至2020年在华北平原的新乡农业综合试验站进行了田间试验,评估了209个自20世纪40年代以来在灌溉和非灌溉条件下发布的小麦栽培品种。然后,根据对干旱胁迫的产量响应和多项干旱指数,将小麦品种分为四组,筛选出耐旱栽培品种。最后,确定了与高产潜力和耐旱性相关的关键表型性状。结果表明,相对于全面灌溉,209 个栽培品种在 2018-2019 年和 2019-2020 年非灌溉处理下的谷物产量分别平均减少了 10.4% 和 9.4%。两种灌溉处理下的高产栽培品种均具有株型紧凑、千粒重较大、叶绿素含量较高、叶片光合作用较强、株高较矮和留绿等特征。气孔和非气孔限制与基因型的产量表现密切相关,阐明了耐旱性的潜在机制。在过去的 70 年中,小麦品种的耐旱性和产量稳定性通过育种得到了提高。我们的研究结果加深了对耐旱性的理解,并确定了有利于培育高产耐旱栽培品种的基因型和性状。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Identifying High-Yielding and Drought-Tolerant Wheat Cultivars Based on Ideotypic Traits and Yield Responses to Stress

Drought is one of the most adverse factors affecting plant growth and productivity. Identifying elite genotypes and their ideotypic traits conferring high yield potential and drought tolerance is critical in selecting and breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars. In this study, we conducted field experiments at the Xinxiang Agricultural Comprehensive Experimental station in the North China Plain from 2018 to 2020 and assessed 209 wheat cultivars released since the 1940s under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions. Then, we selected drought-tolerant cultivars by classifying them into four groups based on yield response to drought stress and several drought indices. Finally, the key ideotypic traits associated with high yield potential and drought tolerance were identified. Results indicated that the grain yield of the 209 cultivars decreased on average by 10.4% and 9.4% under nonirrigated treatment in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020, respectively, relative to full irrigation. The high-yielding cultivars under both irrigation treatments are characterised by a compact plant type, larger thousand-grain weight, larger chlorophyll content, higher leaf photosynthesis, shorter plant height and stay-green traits. The stomatal and nonstomatal limitations are strongly associated with genotype yield performance, elucidating a potential mechanism underlying drought tolerance. Drought tolerance and yield stability of wheat cultivars have been improved through breeding over the past 70 years. Our findings enhance understanding of drought tolerance and identify genotypes and traits beneficial for breeding high-yielding and drought-tolerant cultivars.

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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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