铁的配位动力学使铁(II)/α-酮戊二酸依赖性非血红素酶中的选择性 C-N 偶联得以实现,但绕过了不需要的 C-H 羟基化反应

IF 15.7 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Xuan Zhang , Jia Liu , Langxing Liao , Zikuan Wang , Binju Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

非血红素 Fe(II)/α-Ketoglutarate (αKG) 依赖性酶催化了许多 C-H 活化和官能化反应。然而,除了羟基化反应之外,依赖 αKG 的非血红素酶如何催化 C-H 功能化在很大程度上还是未知数。在这里,我们在依赖铁(II)/αKG 的加氧酶 TqaLNc 中解决了这一问题,该酶催化选择性 C-H 氨基化,但绕过了热力学上有利的 C-H 羟基化。大量的计算研究表明,氮丙啶的形成涉及到 Fe(IV)=O 物种从轴向构型到赤道构型的构象变化、底物 NH3+ 基团的去质子化形成 NH-配位中间体、赤道 Fe(IV)=O 物种的 C-H 活化。通过 TqaLNc 及其变体氧化各种底物,包括现有实验和我们的新实验,这种机理设想得到了交叉验证。虽然底物与第二球残基之间存在的立体阻碍会抑制叠氮化过程,但叠氮化与羟基化的内在反应性是由两个关键的氧化还原活性 dπ* 前沿分子轨道(dπ*Fe-N 和 dπ*Fe-OH)之间的能量分裂决定的。本研究结果突显了铁辅助因子的配位变化和动力学在非血红素酶催化过程中的关键作用,并对其他非血红素 Fe(II)/αKG 依赖性酶催化羟基以外的 C-H 功能化具有深远影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Coordination dynamics of iron enables the selective C–N coupling but bypasses unwanted C–H hydroxylation in Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate- dependent non-heme enzymes

Non-heme Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate (αKG)-dependent enzymes catalyze numerous C–H activation and functionalization reactions. However, how αKG-dependent non-heme enzymes catalyzed C–H functionalization beyond the hydroxylation is largely unknown. Here, we addressed this issue in Fe(II)/ αKG-dependent oxygenase TqaLNc, which catalyzes the selective C–H amination but bypasses the thermodynamically favored C–H hydroxylation. Here, the extensive computational studies have shown that the aziridine formation involves the conformational change of the Fe(IV)=O species from the axial configuration to the equatorial one, the substrate deprotonation of NH3+ group to form the NH-ligated intermediate, the C–H activation by the equatorial Fe(IV)=O species. Such mechanistic scenario has been cross-validated by oxidation of various substrates by TqaLNc and its variants, including the available experiments and our new experiments. While the presence of steric hindrance between the substrate and the second-sphere residues would inhibit the aziridination process, the intrinsic reactivity of aziridination vs. hydroxylation is dictated by the energy splitting between two key redox-active dπ* frontier molecular orbitals: dπ*Fe-N and dπ*Fe-OH. The present findings highlight the key roles of the coordination change and dynamics of iron cofactor in dictating the catalysis of non-heme enzymes and have far-reaching implications for the other non-heme Fe(II)/αKG-dependent enzymes catalyzed C–H functionalization beyond the hydroxylation.

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来源期刊
Chinese Journal of Catalysis
Chinese Journal of Catalysis 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
25.80
自引率
10.30%
发文量
235
审稿时长
1.2 months
期刊介绍: The journal covers a broad scope, encompassing new trends in catalysis for applications in energy production, environmental protection, and the preparation of materials, petroleum chemicals, and fine chemicals. It explores the scientific foundation for preparing and activating catalysts of commercial interest, emphasizing representative models.The focus includes spectroscopic methods for structural characterization, especially in situ techniques, as well as new theoretical methods with practical impact in catalysis and catalytic reactions.The journal delves into the relationship between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and includes theoretical studies on the structure and reactivity of catalysts.Additionally, contributions on photocatalysis, biocatalysis, surface science, and catalysis-related chemical kinetics are welcomed.
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