马来西亚职业性噪声诱发听力损失(NIHL)的发病率和诱因概述

Nur Faiza Abdul Razak, Mohd Shukri MOHD ARIS
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引用次数: 0

摘要

简介:本手稿旨在概述马来西亚工作场所噪音暴露的现状以及噪音导致听力损失(NIHL)的风险。NIHL 是一种影响大多数人的职业病,在世界许多国家都可以预防。生产、农业、自然资源开采和城市交通都会产生环境噪声。在噪声环境中工作是成人听力损失的主要职业风险因素。在本研究中,我们调查了不同行业中 NIHL 的发病率,以及有关 NIHL 的研究发表趋势。材料与方法:我们在多个在线数据库(如 Science Direct、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar)中搜索了已发表的相关研究。根据系统性综述首选报告项目的建议进行综述阶段的工作。为筛选相关研究制定了一套标准。结果:NIHL在马来西亚不同行业工人中的发病率各不相同,据报道从5.0%到82.6%不等。NIHL 有多种致病因素,包括噪音强度、长期暴露于日常噪音、听力保护装置和年龄。对这些研究的综述发现,每个致病因素影响的人数比例各不相同。结论:对于各行各业的工人来说,职业性 NIHL 是一种可预防的健康风险。雇主必须采取工程和行政控制措施(教育和培训),并提供个人听力保护器,以保护工人免受噪声伤害。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Overview of the Prevalence and Contributing Factors for Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) in Malaysia
INTRODUCTION: This manuscript aims to provide a synopsis of the current situation surrounding noise exposure at work and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in Malaysia. NIHL is an occupational illness that affects most many people and can be prevented in many countries in the world. The production and agriculture businesses and the extraction of natural resources and urban traffic all contribute to ambient noise levels. Working in a noisy environment is the main occupational risk factor for adult-onset hearing loss. In this study, we investigate the prevalence of NIHL across different industries, as well as research publication trends on NIHL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Conducted thorough several online databases, like Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, for related research that had already been published. The review phases were carried out according to the recommendations laid out by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews. A set of criteria was developed for selecting relevant studies. RESULTS: The prevalence of NIHL among workers in Malaysia, varies across different industries and has been reported to range from 5.0% to 82.6%. NIHL has multiple contributing factors, including noise intensity, long-term exposure to daily noise, hearing protection devices and age. A review of these studies found varying percentages of individuals affected by each contributing factor. CONCLUSION: Occupational NIHL is a preventable health risk for workers across industries. Employers must adopt engineering and administrative controls (education and training) and provide personal hearing protectors to protect workers from noise.
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