Enfermedad de Parkinson y tabaquismo: una revisión sistemática

Introduction

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative process of onset in adulthood, characterized by signs such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, increased muscle tension, resistance to movement and postural instability with loss of balance. There are multiple factors that can be associated, among which age, sex, family inherited and exposure to some toxins stand out.

Objective

To establish the association between smoking and the appearance of Parkinson's disease in people.

Materials and methods

A systematic review of documents produced between 2015 and 2020 in databases was carried out. Analytical observational studies that evaluated tobacco consumption (smoking) and the consequent development of Parkinson's disease were included. Data extraction was carried out by three researchers belonging to the project. The quality and risk of bias of the studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results

In total, 9 cohort studies that met the inclusion criteria were included, including a total of 12,533,445 people. The articles reported that tobacco consumption in people behaved as a protective factor, both in ex-smokers and in current smokers.

Conclusions

Despite the fact that smoking is a toxin that has been involved in the appearance of many pathologies, it has been found to behave as a protective factor for the development of Parkinson's disease.