以胡梅尼-乌日霍罗德耶稣会学院(1613 - 1773 年)的活动为例,说明学校教育的人文原则

O. Ferkov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

耶稣会教育机构在欧洲国家流行了一个半世纪以上。1534 年成立的耶稣会并没有把教育作为优先任务。大约十年后,第一批学院开始出现并转变为人文教育机构。文艺复兴-宗教改革时期的人文教育传统与后三叉戟时期的天主教革新任务成功地结合在一起,保证了耶稣会机构在很长一段时间内的成功活动。在这篇文章中,作者试图以 17 和 18 世纪耶稣会在匈牙利东北郊的活动为背景,概述 Humenne-Ungvar 耶稣会学院建立和活动的主要阶段。这表明,学校是不同教派,特别是新教徒和天主教徒之间对抗的有效工具。在近代早期,由教会(天主教、新教、耶稣会)领导的教育机构具有明确的人文主义方向,并以开明虔诚的原则为指导。这一点从胡梅尼-昂瓦尔耶稣会学院的教育活动中可见一斑。耶稣会胡梅尼-翁格瓦尔学院是一所典型的人文教育机构(studia humanitatis)。学院的建立有其自身的政治、宗教和道德任务。天主教会通过耶稣会在匈牙利东北郊延缓了宗教改革的步伐,并在德鲁格特的赞助下传播教育、知识和文化等。耶稣会学校的普及模式为匈牙利东北部各县提供了欧洲教育。耶稣会学校的社会开放性和宗教宽容为该地区不同身份和信仰的儿童接受教育打开了大门。1773 年,教皇解散了耶稣会,教育机构进行了重组。乌日霍罗德学院被改造成一所体育馆,延续了该地区耶稣会学校的教育传统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
HUMANISTIC PRINCIPLES OF SCHOOLING BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF ACTIVITIES OF THE HUMENNE-UZHHOROD JESUIT COLLEGE (1613 – 1773)
Jesuit educational institutions were popular in European countries for more than a century and a half. Education was not among the priority tasks of the Society of Jesus, created in 1534. About a decade had passed before the first colleges began emerging and transforming into humanistic educational institutions. The successful combination of the tradition of humanistic education of the Renaissance-Reformation era and the tasks of Catholic renewal of the post-Trident period guaranteed Jesuit institutions successful activity for a long time. In the article, the author tries to outline the main stages of the establishment and activity of the Humenne-Ungvar Jesuit collegium in the context of the activity of the Society of Jesus on the northeastern outskirts of Hungary in the 17th and 18th centuries. It is indicated that schools were an effective tool in the rivalry between different denominations, particularly among Protestants and Catholics. In the early modern times, educational institutions headed by the church (Catholic, Protestant, Jesuit) had a clear humanistic direction and were guided by the principle of enlightened piety. And this can be seen in the educational activities of the Humenne-Ungvar Jesuit College. The Humenne-Ungvar College of the Society of Jesus was a typical institution of humanistic education (studia humanitatis). The establishment of the college had its own political, religious, and moral tasks. Slowing down the pace of the Reformation in the northeastern outskirts of Hungary, the Catholic Church, through the Jesuits, and thanks to the patronage of the Drugets, spread education, knowledge, culture, and more. The universal model of Jesuit schools provided European education in the northeastern counties of Hungary. The social openness and religious tolerance of the Jesuit schools opened doors for the education of children with different statuse and confessions of the region. In 1773 the Pope dissolved the Jesuit order, and educational institutions were reorganized. The Uzhhorod College was transformed into a gymnasium, which continued the educational traditions of Jesuit schooling in the region.
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