罗马尼亚东北部气候因素的长期演变及其对葡萄质量的影响

R. Filimon, C. Bunea, R. Filimon, F. Bora, D. Damian
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摘要

气候变化是当今环境面临的最大威胁。本研究旨在强调罗马尼亚东北部(科普伊亚希葡萄种植中心)过去五十年(1971-2020 年)主要气候要素的变化及其对葡萄质量的影响,作为精准葡萄栽培战略和葡萄种植园高效管理的一部分。数据分析显示,在过去的 50 年中,平均气温持续显著上升(+1.70 °C),在过去的 10 年中更为明显(+0.61 °C),极端气温(>30 °C)的天数增加了 3.5 倍以上,与此同时,降水量也在波动。过去 40 年平均气温的升高与葡萄采摘期的提前(最多 12 天)、葡萄白糖浓度的显著增加(+15-25 克/升)和总酸度的急剧下降(-2.0-3.5 克/升酒石酸)高度相关。生物气候指数值的大幅上升要求将葡萄种植区重新划分为更高的有利等级,从而有机会种植更适合温暖气候的品种,确保种植园的效率,满足当前消费者的期望。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Long-Term Evolution of the Climatic Factors and Its Influence on Grape Quality in Northeastern Romania
Climate change is currently the greatest threat to the environment as we know it today. The present study aimed to highlight the changes in the main climatic elements during the last five decades (1971–2020) in northeastern Romania (Copou-Iaşi wine-growing center) and their impact on grape quality, as part of precision viticulture strategies and efficient management of grapevine plantations. Data analysis revealed a constant and significant increase in the average air temperature in the last 50 years (+1.70 °C), more pronounced in the last 10 years (+0.61 °C), with a number of days with extreme temperatures (>30 °C) of over 3.5-fold higher, in parallel with a fluctuating precipitation regime. The increase in average temperatures in the last 40 years was highly correlated with the advancement of the grape harvest date (up to 12 days), a significant increase in Vitis vinifera L. white grape sugar concentration (+15–25 g/L), and a drastic decrease in total acidity (−2.0–3.5 g/L tartaric acid). The significant increase in the values of the bioclimatic indices require the reclassification of the wine-growing area in higher classes of favorability, raising the opportunity to grow cultivars that are more suited to warmer climates, ensuring the efficiency of the plantation, and meeting current consumer expectations.
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