利用天然化合物及其半合成衍生物对抗癌症疾病

Y. S. Kurniawan, K. Gurning, I. Iksen, Ahmad Bikharudin
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摘要

癌症是困扰当代人类社会的最致命疾病之一,包括口腔癌、唾液腺癌、口咽癌、鼻咽癌、下咽癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、皮肤癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、肾癌、脑癌、甲状腺癌和白血病等 100 多种癌症。在细胞层面,癌细胞不受控制的生长会破坏人体的正常功能。化疗是公认的癌症治疗方法,它利用抗癌剂有效地针对特定的癌细胞。天然化合物因其与人体的兼容性、对健康细胞的最小伤害以及易于从天然资源中提取而受到青睐。这些天然化合物及其衍生物具有不同的结构和药理特性,有望用于癌症治疗。此外,化学修饰可以增强它们的抗癌特性。本综述探讨了萜类、黄酮类、生物碱类、黄酮类和环氧化物的抗癌潜力,并阐明了它们的分子机制,如抗增殖、抗凋亡、抗血管生成和抗转移作用。此外,在分子对接和分子动力学模拟的支持下,还将通过结构-活性关系详细讨论官能团对抗癌活性的影响。将体外和体内实验测定与计算硅学测定相结合,将极大地帮助我们了解如何在现代对抗癌症疾病。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fight for Cancer Diseases using Natural Compounds and Their Semisynthetic Derivatives
Cancer stands as one of the deadliest diseases afflicting contemporary human societies, encompassing over 100 distinct forms, including oral, salivary glands, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, colorectal, liver, pancreas, lung, skin, breast, cervix, ovary, prostate, kidney, brain, thyroid, and leukemia cancers. At the cellular level, the uncontrolled growth of cancerous cells can disrupt the body's normal functions. Chemotherapy, a widely recognized cancer treatment, utilizes anticancer agents to target specific cancer cell lines effectively. Natural compounds are favored for their compatibility with the body, minimal harm to healthy cells, and easy extraction from natural sources. These natural compounds and their derivatives hold promise for cancer therapy, boasting diverse structural and pharmacological characteristics. Additionally, chemical modifications can enhance their anticancer properties. This review explores the anticancer potential of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, xanthones, and epoxides, as well as elucidates their molecular mechanisms, such as their antiproliferative, apoptotic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic actions. Furthermore, the effect of the functional group on the anticancer activity through the structure-activity relationship will be discussed in detail, supported by molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Combining experimental in vitro and in vivo assays with computational in silico assays significantly helps us understand how we shall fight cancer diseases in the modern era.
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