不确定时代对生活标准和质量的影响

Oksana Plyusnina, Larisa Butova, Egor Konischev, Elena Plehanova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国民生活水平和生活质量不仅取决于经济福祉,还取决于社会系统在维护人类发展和心理稳定方面的组织能力。在这方面,COVID-19 大流行引发了社会的不确定性。本文描述了在大流行后的不确定时期,生活标准和质量参数是如何变化的,以及各种公共政策是如何促进维持人类发展的关键方面的。作者将 2019-2021 年俄罗斯的生活水平指标与其他经济发达国家的生活水平指标进行了比较。他们还确定了这些领域的风险点,并说明了国家政策措施如何在不确定时期维持生活水平和质量。研究依靠统计观察和分组、比较分析、图表法、逻辑法和系统方法,以及绝对值、相对值和平均值法。2019-2021 年,生活水平的主要指标有所下降。因此,生活质量也随之下降。俄罗斯的生活水平与日本、美国、英国等一些发达经济体的生活水平不同。然而,大多数国家在应对大流行病带来的外部挑战时表现出了非常相似的态势。一方面,在疫情造成的不确定时期,生活水平和质量参数下降。另一方面,它们也创造了新的发展机遇。一个国家在多大程度上能够利用这些机会,取决于其社会是否愿意变革,也取决于其公共行政的适应能力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Uncertain Times on Standards and Quality of Life
National standards of living and quality of life depend not only on economic well-being, but also on how well-organized the social system is in its ability to maintain human development and psychological stability. In this regard, the COVID-19 pandemic gave start to social uncertainty. This article describes how the parameters of standards and quality of life changed during the post-pandemic uncertain times and how various public policies contributed to maintaining the key aspects of human development. The authors compared the indicators of the standards of living in Russia in 2019–2021 with those in other countries with developed economies. They also identified the risk areas in these spheres and showed how state policy measures maintained the standards and quality of life during the uncertain times. The research relied on statistical observation and grouping, comparative analysis, graphical method, logical method, and systematic approach, as well as on the method of absolute, relative, and average values. In 2019–2021, the key indicators of the standards of living decreased. As a result, the quality of life also went down. Russia’s standards of living differ from those in some advanced economies, e.g., Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, etc. However, most countries demonstrated very similar dynamics in their response to the external challenges of the pandemic. On the one hand, the uncertain times caused by the epidemic saw a drop in the parameters of the standards and quality of life. On the other hand, they created new development opportunities. The degree to which a country was ready to use these opportunities depended on the readiness of its society to change and the adaptability of its public administration.
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