埃塞俄比亚农工副产品和配合饲料的供应、分配和质量

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
T. Feyisa, A. Tolera, A. Nurfeta, M. Balehegn, A. Adesogan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

畜牧业生产是埃塞俄比亚国民经济的主要贡献者,其中反刍动物,尤其是牛,是最主要和最重要的牲畜品种。优质饲料供应有限是埃塞俄比亚提高畜牧业生产的主要制约因素。过去三十年来,埃塞俄比亚农用工业的发展为增加农用工业副产品的供应创造了机会,使其成为牲畜的饲料来源。这项研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚农用工业副产品和配合饲料的供应、分布和质量。调查了约 310 家面粉厂、194 家油厂、13 家酿酒厂、7 家制糖厂、4 家麦芽厂、2 家肉骨粉加工厂、8 家石灰石厂和 112 家饲料加工厂,以评估农用工业副产品和配合饲料的供应和分布情况。共收集了 757 份饲料样本,用于评估营养价值。农工副产品的年产量从 18,065 吨 DM/年(屠宰场副产品)到 3,092,035 吨 DM/年(麦芽副产品)不等,不同农工副产品的年总产量为 5,245,854 吨 DM。据报告,配合饲料的年产量为 5,812,608 吨 DM。所有农产工业的加工能力都不足,从制糖厂的 11.7%到酿酒厂的 93%不等。原料供应短缺和季节性波动(34.8%)、原料价格过高和价格波动(17.5%)以及电力中断(17.5%)是不同农业产业面临的主要挑战。农用工业副产品的粗蛋白质(CP)含量从玉米粒筛分的 6.2%到面粉厂副产品小麦麸皮的 15.9%不等;从棉籽饼的 28%到油籽饼花生饼的 49.7%不等;从酿酒厂和地方酒厂副产品酿酒废糟的 14.8%到 24.8%不等。农用工业副产品的蛋白质或能量含量较高,这表明它们具有在集约化牲畜饲料中加以利用的潜力。因此,有必要创造有利条件,让现有的农产工业满负荷运转,并吸引新的农产工业加入,以提高农产工业副产品的产量和供应量,这些副产品是生产配合饲料所需的主要投入品。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Availability, distribution and quality of agro-industrial byproducts and compound feeds in Ethiopia
Livestock production is a major contributor to the national economy in Ethiopia, of which ruminants, particularly cattle, are the dominant and most important livestock species. Limited supply of quality feeds is a major constraint to the improvement of livestock production in Ethiopia. The expansion of agro-industries in Ethiopia, over the last three decades, has created an opportunity for an increased supply of agro-industrial byproducts as a source of feed for livestock. This study was conducted to assess the availability, distribution, and quality of agro-industrial byproducts and compound feeds in Ethiopia. About 310 flour mill factories, 194 oil factories, 13 brewery factories, 7 sugar factories, 4 malt factories, 2 meat and bone meal processing plants, 8 limestone factories, and 112 feed processing plants were surveyed to assess the availability and distributions of agro-industrial byproducts and compound feeds. A total of 757 feed samples were collected for evaluating nutritional values. The annual production of agro-industrial byproducts ranges from 18,065 tons DM/year (abattoir byproducts) to 3,092,035 tons DM/year (malt byproducts) and the total annual production of the different agro-industrial by-products amounts to 5,245,854 tons DM. The annual production of compound feeds was reported to be 5,812,608 tons DM. All agro-industries are processing under their capacity, ranging from 11.7% in sugar factories to 93% in breweries. Shortage and seasonal fluctuation of supply of raw materials (34.8%), high price and price fluctuations of raw materials (17.5%) and electric power interruptions (17.5%) were the major challenges faced by different agro-industries. The crude protein (CP) concentrations of agro-industrial byproducts ranges from 6.2% in maize grain screening to 15.9% in wheat bran for flour mill byproducts; 28% in cotton seed cake to 49.7% in groundnut cake for oilseed cakes and 14.8% in areqe atela to 24.8% in brewery spent grains for brewery and local distillery byproducts. High protein or energy contents of agro-industrial byproducts indicated their potential to be utilized in intensive livestock rations. Thus, it is necessary to create enabling conditions to allow the existing agro-industries to operate at full capacity and to attract new ones into the business to boost the production and availability of agro-industrial byproducts needed as main inputs to manufacture compound feeds.
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.
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