地蛇(有鳞目:蛇科:Sonora episcopa)的进食行为因猎物防御能力而异

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
N. D. Gripshover, J. M. Meik, D. J. Nicholson, C. L. Cox
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引用次数: 0

摘要

食性多样化的捕食者可以利用普遍的捕食行为来捕食不同类型的猎物,也可以根据每种猎物的功能需求来改变捕食行为。猎物选择和摄食行为对于无肢、有隙的捕食者(如蛇)尤为重要,因为头部必须捕捉、制服和摄取猎物。尽管之前的研究描述了蛇类如何捕食危险猎物,但这些研究并未比较不同猎物类型的捕食行为有何不同。我们分析了以蝎子、蜘蛛和蜈蚣为食的地蛇(Sonora episcopa)的进食行为。地蛇成功捕食了每种猎物,并针对每种猎物采取了不同的行为。为了捕获猎物,蛇在咬猎物之前会用闭合的嘴攻击猎物的头部腹面,这是一种不寻常的行为。在所有试验中,蛇都会抓住蝎子并对其进行毒杀,蝎子的这种行为持续的时间明显长于蜘蛛。在毒杀过程中,蛇用身体夹住蝎子的尾柄,以降低被蜇伤的可能性。蛇不是用身体束缚蝎子,而是经常用下颚拖着蝎子在基质上移动。蝎子在捕食过程中多次掐刺蛇类,而蛇类使用身体束缚来制服这种猎物的频率明显高于蜘蛛。我们的研究发现,地蛇会根据猎物的防御能力改变进食行为,并使用新颖的猎物捕捉和处理行为来制服猎物,这表明蛇类的进食行为具有尚未被重视的多样性,使它们能够利用危险的节肢动物猎物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Feeding behavior varies based upon prey defenses in the ground snake (Squamata: Serpentes: Sonora episcopa)

Feeding behavior varies based upon prey defenses in the ground snake (Squamata: Serpentes: Sonora episcopa)

Predators with diverse diets can use generalized feeding behavior to consume different prey types or can alter behavior based upon the functional demands of each prey type. Prey choice and feeding behavior are especially important for limbless, gape-limited predators, such as snakes, because the head must capture, subdue, and ingest prey. Although previous studies have described how snakes feed on dangerous prey, these studies have not compared how behaviors might vary with different prey types. We analyzed the feeding behavior of ground snakes (Sonora episcopa) that were fed scorpions, spiders, and centipedes. Ground snakes successfully consumed each prey type using different behaviors for each prey. To capture prey, snakes used the unusual behavior of pinning prey with the ventral surface of the head with a closed mouth strike before biting. Snakes grasped and envenomated scorpions in all trials, and this behavior lasted significantly longer for scorpions than for spiders. During envenomation, snakes used their body to pin the telson of the scorpion to reduce the likelihood of being stung. Rather than using body restraint to subdue spiders, the snakes often dragged spiders across the substrate with the mandible. Scorpions repeatedly pinched and stung snakes during feeding and snakes used body restraint to subdue this prey significantly more often than spiders. Our study revealed that ground snakes alter feeding behavior based upon prey defenses and use novel prey capture and handling behaviors to subdue prey, suggesting there is yet unappreciated diversity of feeding behavior in snakes allowing them to exploit dangerous arthropod prey.

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来源期刊
Journal of Zoology
Journal of Zoology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
90
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Zoology publishes high-quality research papers that are original and are of broad interest. The Editors seek studies that are hypothesis-driven and interdisciplinary in nature. Papers on animal behaviour, ecology, physiology, anatomy, developmental biology, evolution, systematics, genetics and genomics will be considered; research that explores the interface between these disciplines is strongly encouraged. Studies dealing with geographically and/or taxonomically restricted topics should test general hypotheses, describe novel findings or have broad implications. The Journal of Zoology aims to maintain an effective but fair peer-review process that recognises research quality as a combination of the relevance, approach and execution of a research study.
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