Aaron I Esagoff, Mia K Gifford, Bharat R Narapareddy, Haris I Sair, Licia P Luna, Divyaansh Raj, Guogen Shan, Matthew Peters, Charles Bernick
{"title":"职业男子综合格斗运动员之前接触足球或橄榄球与白质信号异常。","authors":"Aaron I Esagoff, Mia K Gifford, Bharat R Narapareddy, Haris I Sair, Licia P Luna, Divyaansh Raj, Guogen Shan, Matthew Peters, Charles Bernick","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2024.2382085","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White matter signal abnormalities have been associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and repetitive head impacts (RHI) in contact sports (e.g. American football, rugby). However, previous studies of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study have not found greater white matter signal abnormalities in fighters versus controls.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the varying white matter effects of football/rugby and MMA by analyzing how football/rugby history in mixed martial arts fighters may relate to white matter signal abnormalities, helping to further our understanding of sport-specific brain health risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline visits for 90 active, professional, male mixed martial arts fighters and 27 unexposed male controls were cross-sectionally analyzed. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared demographics and white matter signal abnormalities, and multivariable regression models examined the associations between football/rugby history and white matter signal abnormality burden in fighters, adjusting for age, education, race, fights, MRI scanner, and supratentorial volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>37/90 fighters had football/rugby history (mean: 4 years; range: 1-12 years). White matter signal abnormalities were significantly greater in fighters with football/rugby history compared to fighters without football/rugby history (Wilcoxon, <i>p</i> = 0.0190). Football/rugby history was significantly associated with white matter signal abnormality burden >75<sup>th</sup> percentile (OR: 12, CI: 3.3-61, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and >50<sup>th</sup> percentile (OR: 3.2, CI: 1.2-9.4, <i>p</i> = 0.024) in fighters. Years of football/rugby were also significantly associated with white matter signal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings expand on previous literature by demonstrating a significant relationship between white matter signal abnormalities (WMSAs) and football/rugby history but not MMA. Furthermore, our study suggests an added risk for WMSAs in MMA fighters with a history of football/rugby. Future research should further evaluate WMSAs in contact sports, helping to inform athletes, regulatory bodies, and healthcare providers of the potential brain health risks of contact sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prior football or rugby exposure and white matter signal abnormalities in professional male mixed martial arts fighters.\",\"authors\":\"Aaron I Esagoff, Mia K Gifford, Bharat R Narapareddy, Haris I Sair, Licia P Luna, Divyaansh Raj, Guogen Shan, Matthew Peters, Charles Bernick\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/00913847.2024.2382085\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White matter signal abnormalities have been associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and repetitive head impacts (RHI) in contact sports (e.g. American football, rugby). However, previous studies of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study have not found greater white matter signal abnormalities in fighters versus controls.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the varying white matter effects of football/rugby and MMA by analyzing how football/rugby history in mixed martial arts fighters may relate to white matter signal abnormalities, helping to further our understanding of sport-specific brain health risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline visits for 90 active, professional, male mixed martial arts fighters and 27 unexposed male controls were cross-sectionally analyzed. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared demographics and white matter signal abnormalities, and multivariable regression models examined the associations between football/rugby history and white matter signal abnormality burden in fighters, adjusting for age, education, race, fights, MRI scanner, and supratentorial volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>37/90 fighters had football/rugby history (mean: 4 years; range: 1-12 years). White matter signal abnormalities were significantly greater in fighters with football/rugby history compared to fighters without football/rugby history (Wilcoxon, <i>p</i> = 0.0190). Football/rugby history was significantly associated with white matter signal abnormality burden >75<sup>th</sup> percentile (OR: 12, CI: 3.3-61, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and >50<sup>th</sup> percentile (OR: 3.2, CI: 1.2-9.4, <i>p</i> = 0.024) in fighters. Years of football/rugby were also significantly associated with white matter signal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings expand on previous literature by demonstrating a significant relationship between white matter signal abnormalities (WMSAs) and football/rugby history but not MMA. Furthermore, our study suggests an added risk for WMSAs in MMA fighters with a history of football/rugby. Future research should further evaluate WMSAs in contact sports, helping to inform athletes, regulatory bodies, and healthcare providers of the potential brain health risks of contact sports.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51268,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Physician and Sportsmedicine\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1-5\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Physician and Sportsmedicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2024.2382085\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ORTHOPEDICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2024.2382085","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Prior football or rugby exposure and white matter signal abnormalities in professional male mixed martial arts fighters.
Background: White matter signal abnormalities have been associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and repetitive head impacts (RHI) in contact sports (e.g. American football, rugby). However, previous studies of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study have not found greater white matter signal abnormalities in fighters versus controls.
Objective: This study aims to explore the varying white matter effects of football/rugby and MMA by analyzing how football/rugby history in mixed martial arts fighters may relate to white matter signal abnormalities, helping to further our understanding of sport-specific brain health risks.
Methods: Baseline visits for 90 active, professional, male mixed martial arts fighters and 27 unexposed male controls were cross-sectionally analyzed. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared demographics and white matter signal abnormalities, and multivariable regression models examined the associations between football/rugby history and white matter signal abnormality burden in fighters, adjusting for age, education, race, fights, MRI scanner, and supratentorial volume.
Results: 37/90 fighters had football/rugby history (mean: 4 years; range: 1-12 years). White matter signal abnormalities were significantly greater in fighters with football/rugby history compared to fighters without football/rugby history (Wilcoxon, p = 0.0190). Football/rugby history was significantly associated with white matter signal abnormality burden >75th percentile (OR: 12, CI: 3.3-61, p < 0.001) and >50th percentile (OR: 3.2, CI: 1.2-9.4, p = 0.024) in fighters. Years of football/rugby were also significantly associated with white matter signal abnormalities.
Conclusion: Our findings expand on previous literature by demonstrating a significant relationship between white matter signal abnormalities (WMSAs) and football/rugby history but not MMA. Furthermore, our study suggests an added risk for WMSAs in MMA fighters with a history of football/rugby. Future research should further evaluate WMSAs in contact sports, helping to inform athletes, regulatory bodies, and healthcare providers of the potential brain health risks of contact sports.
期刊介绍：
The Physician and Sportsmedicine is a peer-reviewed, clinically oriented publication for primary care physicians. We examine the latest drug discoveries to advance treatment and recovery, and take into account the medical aspects of exercise therapy for a given condition. We cover the latest primary care-focused treatments serving the needs of our active patient population, and assess the limits these treatments govern in stabilization and recovery.
The Physician and Sportsmedicine is a peer-to-peer method of communicating the latest research to aid primary care physicians’ advancement in methods of care and treatment. We routinely cover such topics as: managing chronic disease, surgical techniques in preventing and managing injuries, the latest advancements in treatments for helping patients lose weight, and related exercise and nutrition topics that can impact the patient during recovery and modification.
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