威胁南佛罗里达州芹菜生产的 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii race 4。

IF 4.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Tarciso A Ferreira Junior, Larissa C Ferreira, Vitor A S Moura, Katia V Xavier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (Foa) 引起的镰刀菌枯萎病是一种影响芹菜的维管束病害。这种土壤传播的病原体可分为 1、2、3 和 4 四个不同的致病品系。值得注意的是,第 4 个品系的毒性最强,代表了这种病原体的最新进化发展,于 2013 年首次在加利福尼亚州被报道。2022 年,南佛罗里达州的芹菜植株表现出典型的镰刀菌枯萎病症状,发病率达到 100%,造成的产量损失从 20% 到 100% 不等。鉴于芹菜作为蔬菜作物的重要性和此次疫情的严重性,本研究的首要目标是确定南佛罗里达州镰刀菌枯萎病的病原并描述其特征。第二个目标是测试来自佛罗里达的镰刀菌分离物对芹菜和欧芹植物的致病性和毒力。利用种族特异性引物和双基因系统发育分析,本研究调查的分离株被确定为 Foa 种族 4。温室中的致病性试验表明,芹菜中的 Foa 种族 4 分离物不仅会在两个芹菜栽培品种(Duda 30 和 Duda 71)上诱发疾病,还会在两个常见的欧芹栽培品种(卷曲欧芹和意大利欧芹)上诱发疾病。我们的研究还发现,Foa 第 4 种族对所有栽培品种的植株健康属性都有显著影响(P < 0.05),包括株高、植株总重和根重。有趣的是,根据维管变色,病原体对西芹的毒力(P < 0.0001)高于对芹菜的毒力。这些发现有力地说明了了解和管理芹菜及相关作物镰刀菌枯萎病的紧迫性。此外,Foa 第 4 种族影响不同植物物种的能力凸显了对农业生产的潜在威胁,强调了采取积极措施减轻这种烈性病原体影响的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii Race 4 Threatening Celery Production in South Florida.

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (Foa), is a vascular disease affecting celery. This soilborne pathogen is classified into four distinct pathogenic races: 1, 2, 3, and 4. Notably, race 4 emerges as the most virulent, representing the latest evolutionary development of this pathogen, which was first reported in 2013 in California. In 2022, celery plants in South Florida exhibited typical Fusarium wilt symptoms, with the disease reaching a 100% incidence and causing yield losses ranging from 20 to 100%. Given the significance of celery as a vegetable crop and the severity of this outbreak, the primary objective of this study was to identify and characterize the causal agent of Fusarium wilt in South Florida. The second goal aimed to test the pathogenicity and virulence of the Fusarium isolates from Florida on celery and parsley plants. Using race-specific primers and dual-loci phylogenetic analyses, the isolates surveyed in this study were identified as Foa race 4. Pathogenicity assays in the greenhouse showed that the Foa race 4 isolate from celery induced disease not only on the two celery cultivars (Duda 30 and Duda 71) but also on two commonly cultivated parsley varieties (curly and Italian). Our study also revealed that the Foa race 4 significantly (P < 0.05) affected plant health attributes in all cultivars, including plant height, total plant weight, and root weight. Interestingly, the pathogen exhibited higher (P < 0.0001) virulence on parsley than celery based on vascular discoloration. These findings strongly indicate the urgency of comprehending and managing Fusarium wilt on celery and related crops. Furthermore, the ability of Foa race 4 to affect different plant species highlights a potential threat to agricultural production, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to mitigate the impact of this virulent pathogen.

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来源期刊
Plant disease
Plant disease 农林科学-植物科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.30%
发文量
1993
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Plant Disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The journal publishes papers that describe basic and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management.
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