目前对棕榈真菌的了解,重点是分类学和系统发育

IF 24.5 1区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY
Sheng-Nan Zhang, Kevin D. Hyde, E. B. Gareth Jones, Xian-Dong Yu, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Jian-Kui Liu
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Preliminary analyses showed that these taxa could be recognized as 170 species belonging to 115 genera, 66 families, and three genera <i>incertae sedis</i>. The fungi were mainly distributed in Dothideomycetes (<i>c.</i> 57.6%) and Sordariomycetes (<i>c.</i> 40.6%), with a few Lecanoromycetes (0.6%), Leotiomycetes (0.6%), and Orbiliomycetes (0.6%). In the present study on palm hosts in different ecosystems, it becomes obvious that the biodiversity and specificity of palm fungi is a reflection of habitats more than the hosts or geographical distributions. Based on morpho-phylogenetic evidence, 109 interesting taxa have been illustrated and described, including one new family Pseudocapsulosporaceae, seven new genera and 48 new species. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

棕榈树(棕榈科)是热带森林的象征,寄生着大量真菌。两个多世纪以来,人们一直在研究与棕榈相关的真菌。然而,仅根据宏观和微观形态特征对一些类群进行分类鉴定,尤其是对著名的 Anthostomella、Linocarpon 和 Oxydothis 属进行分类鉴定,结果令人困惑,需要更好的分类解决方案。本研究以中国和泰国的新采集物为基础,采用分子方法进行真菌鉴定,为棕榈真菌分类学做出了贡献。共采集了 538 个样本,成功获得 248 个真菌分离物,这些分离物来自约 23 个棕榈属。初步分析表明,这些分类群可被确认为 170 种,隶属于 115 属、66 科和 3 个非属。这些真菌主要分布在齿孢菌纲(约占 57.6%)和尾孢菌纲(约占 40.6%)中,还有少量的角孢菌纲(0.6%)、鳞孢菌纲(0.6%)和直枝孢菌纲(0.6%)。通过对不同生态系统中棕榈寄主的研究,可以明显看出,棕榈真菌的生物多样性和特异性是栖息地的反映,而不是寄主或地理分布的反映。基于形态-系统发育证据,109 个有趣的类群已被说明和描述,包括一个新科假囊孢科、7 个新属和 48 个新种。新属包括:Javarisimilis 和 Thecatisporium(天星菌科)、Neomorosphaeria(Morosphaeriaceae)、Pseudocapsulospora(假帽孢科)、Pseudoeutypa(Diatrypaceae)、Pseudothailandiomyces(Tirisporellaceae)和 Subanthostomella(Xylariales incertae sedis)。新种为 Anthostomella arecacearum、A. foliatella、A. mangrovei、A.pseudobirima, Brunneiapiospora phoenicis, Diaporthe trachycarpi, Dictyosporium licualae, Ernakulamia palmae, Exosporium licualae, Fasciatispora asexualis, Javarisimilis palmarum、Koorchaloma arecae、Lophodermium nypae、Morenoina rattanica、Nemania palmarum、Neobambusicola palmae、Neodeightonia nypae、Neoeriomycopsis sabal、Neoleptosporella palmae、Neomassaria livistonae、N.palmae, Neomorosphaeria mangrovei, Neosetophoma trachycarpi, Niesslia trachycarpi, Orbilia licualae, Oxydothis caryotae, Ox.pyriforme、Ox. sinensis、Parateichospora palmarum、Periconia arecacearum、Phaeosphaeria palmae、Phyllosticta arecacearum、P. foliacea、Protocreopsis palmarum、Pseudocapsulospora phoenicis、Ps.rhapidis, Pseudomicrothyrium palmae, Pseudothailandiomyces nypae, Serenomyces phoeniceus, Stanjehughesia elaeidis, Subanthostomella palmae, Tetraploa palmae, T. phoenicis, Thecatisporium palmae, Virgaria palmae, and Yunnanomyces mangrovei.提出了四个物种的新组合。提供了 Appendispora frondicola(Appendispora 的模式种)的新序列和参考标本,支持将该属替换为 Monoblastiaceae。此外还提供了 Anthostomella nypae、Arecophila nypae、Melanographium citri、M. palmicola、M. selenioides 和 Trichobotrys effusus 的参考标本。新的拟真菌物种 Fasciatispora asexualis 是 Fasciatispora 属的第一个无性报告。此外,还首次报道了 Neoeriomycopsis 属和云南霉属的有性形态。此外,专门研究棕榈真菌的海德及其合作者还开发了一个棕榈真菌在线数据库,并将不断更新新的有趣的棕榈真菌。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Current insights into palm fungi with emphasis on taxonomy and phylogeny

Current insights into palm fungi with emphasis on taxonomy and phylogeny

Palms (Arecaceae) are emblems of tropical forests and host a vast array of fungi. The fungi associated with palms have been studied for over two centuries. However, taxonomic identification of some taxa, especially of the prominent genera Anthostomella, Linocarpon and Oxydothis, when based solely on macro- and micro-morphological characteristics is confused and needs better taxonomic resolution. The present study contributes to palm fungal taxonomy by incorporating molecular approaches for fungal identification based on new collections from China and Thailand. In total, 538 samples with 248 successfully obtained fungal isolates were derived from about 23 palm genera. Preliminary analyses showed that these taxa could be recognized as 170 species belonging to 115 genera, 66 families, and three genera incertae sedis. The fungi were mainly distributed in Dothideomycetes (c. 57.6%) and Sordariomycetes (c. 40.6%), with a few Lecanoromycetes (0.6%), Leotiomycetes (0.6%), and Orbiliomycetes (0.6%). In the present study on palm hosts in different ecosystems, it becomes obvious that the biodiversity and specificity of palm fungi is a reflection of habitats more than the hosts or geographical distributions. Based on morpho-phylogenetic evidence, 109 interesting taxa have been illustrated and described, including one new family Pseudocapsulosporaceae, seven new genera and 48 new species. The new genera are Javarisimilis and Thecatisporium (Astrosphaeriellaceae), Neomorosphaeria (Morosphaeriaceae), Pseudocapsulospora (Pseudocapsulosporaceae), Pseudoeutypa (Diatrypaceae), Pseudothailandiomyces (Tirisporellaceae), and Subanthostomella (Xylariales incertae sedis). New species are Anthostomella arecacearum, A. foliatella, A. mangrovei, A. pseudobirima, Brunneiapiospora phoenicis, Diaporthe trachycarpi, Dictyosporium licualae, Ernakulamia palmae, Exosporium licualae, Fasciatispora asexualis, Javarisimilis palmarum, Koorchaloma arecae, Lophodermium nypae, Morenoina rattanica, Nemania palmarum, Neobambusicola palmae, Neodeightonia nypae, Neoeriomycopsis sabal, Neoleptosporella palmae, Neomassaria livistonae, N. palmae, Neomorosphaeria mangrovei, Neosetophoma trachycarpi, Niesslia trachycarpi, Orbilia licualae, Oxydothis caryotae, Ox. foliata, Ox. palmae, Ox. pyriforme, Ox. sinensis, Parateichospora palmarum, Periconia arecacearum, Phaeosphaeria palmae, Phyllosticta arecacearum, P. foliacea, Protocreopsis palmarum, Pseudocapsulospora phoenicis, Ps. rhapidis, Pseudomicrothyrium palmae, Pseudothailandiomyces nypae, Serenomyces phoeniceus, Stanjehughesia elaeidis, Subanthostomella palmae, Tetraploa palmae, T. phoenicis, Thecatisporium palmae, Virgaria palmae, and Yunnanomyces mangrovei. New combinations are proposed for four species. New sequences and a reference specimen are provided for Appendispora frondicola, the type species of Appendispora, which supports the replacement of this genus in Monoblastiaceae. Reference specimens are also provided for Anthostomella nypae, Arecophila nypae, Melanographium citri, M. palmicola, M. selenioides, and Trichobotrys effusus. The new hyphomycete species, Fasciatispora asexualis, is the first asexual report for the genus Fasciatispora. Sexual morphs of the genera Neoeriomycopsis and Yunnanomyces are reported for the first time. Furthermore, Hyde and co-workers specializing in palm fungi, have developed an online database of palm fungi, which will be updated with new and interesting palm fungi.

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来源期刊
Fungal Diversity
Fungal Diversity 生物-真菌学
CiteScore
44.80
自引率
9.90%
发文量
17
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Fungal Diversity, the official journal of the Kunming Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is an international, peer-reviewed journal covering all aspects of mycology. It prioritizes papers on biodiversity, systematic, and molecular phylogeny. While it welcomes novel research and review articles, authors aiming to publish checklists are advised to seek regional journals, and the introduction of new species and genera should generally be supported by molecular data. Published articles undergo peer review and are accessible online first with a permanent DOI, making them citable as the official Version of Record according to NISO RP-8-2008 standards. Any necessary corrections after online publication require the publication of an Erratum.
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