加强南亚干旱地区水稻休耕的鹰嘴豆基因型的产量性状和稳定性

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
C. P. Nath, U. C. Jha, Narendra Kumar, Raghavendra Singh, Yogesh Kumar, G. P. Dixit, K. K. Hazra, A. K. Srivastava
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引用次数: 0

摘要

包括印度在内的南亚地区需要提高种植密度,以确保急剧增长的人口的粮食安全。因此,在雨水灌溉的水稻休耕地上提高耕作密度是一项未来战略。确定合适的栽培品种和探索特定作物/特征的遗传变异性对于水稻休耕地的遗传改良、抗旱和增产至关重要。在印度坎普尔 Fluvisol 干旱易发的雨水灌溉条件下,我们采用随机完全区组设计连续三年对 15 个鹰嘴豆基因型的形态生理、产量性状和稳定性进行了评估。在各基因型中,"IPC 2014-55"、"IPC 2015-44 "和 "IPC 2011-92 "的相对含水量(RWC)比 "ICC-92944"(对照栽培品种)高 2%-10%。这些基因型的总叶绿素含量、根干重和结核干重与'ICC-92944'和'KWR 108'(该地区适应性较广的栽培品种)没有差异。氮平衡指数 "IPC 2011-92"、"IPC 2014-88 "和 "IPC 2014-55 "比对照栽培品种高 5%-44%(p <0.05)。与'ICC-92944'相比,'IPC 2014-55'(30%,p <0.05)和'IPC 2011-92'(17%,p <0.05)的膜稳定性指数更高。IPC 2011-92"、"IPC 2014-88 "和 "IPC 2014-55"(3 年平均值)的植株干重比 "ICC-92944 "高 3%-24%。值得注意的是,"IPC 2014-55"、"IPC 2015-44"、"IPC 2014-88 "和 "IPC 2011-92 "的产量属性比 "ICC-92944 "和 "KWR 108"(3 年平均值)高,如荚株-1 高 9%,粒重-1 高 13%,百粒重高 3%。这些基因型的平均种子产量比'ICC-92944'高 23%-42%,比'KWR 108'高 7%-23%(p <0.05)。从基因型×年份双变量图中可以看出,在不同的土壤和环境条件下,'IPC 2014-55'、'IPC 2015-44'、'IPC 2014-88' 和'IPC 2011-92'的产量是稳定的。在易旱条件下,膜稳定指数、植株荚数-1 和百粒种子重量是鹰嘴豆种子增产的决定因素。显然,基因型 "IPC 2014-55"、"IPC 2015-44"、"IPC 2014-88 "和 "IPC 2011-92 "在雨水灌溉的水稻休耕条件下表现更好。这些基因型可在特定干旱条件下进行测试,以开发品种,并在南亚水稻休耕区推广,以获得产量优势和抗旱性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Yield Trait and Stability of Chickpea Genotypes for Intensification of Drought-Prone Rice Fallows of South Asia

There is a need for increasing cropping intensity in South Asia including India to ensure food security of burgeoning population. Accordingly, increasing cropping intensity in rainfed rice fallows can be a futuristic strategy. Identification of suitable cultivar and exploration of genetic variability of specific crops/traits are imperative for genetic improvement, drought resistance and yield gain in rice fallows. We evaluated the morphophysiological, yield traits and stability of 15 chickpea genotypes in randomised complete block design for three consecutive years on a drought-prone rainfed condition of Fluvisol in Kanpur, India. Among genotypes, ‘IPC 2014-55’, ‘IPC 2015-44’ and ‘IPC 2011-92’ had 2%–10% higher relative water content (RWC) over ‘ICC-92944’ (check cultivar). These genotypes did not differ for total chlorophyll content, root dry weight and nodule dry weight with ‘ICC-92944’ and ‘KWR 108’ (wider adaptable cultivar of the region). The nitrogen balance index was higher in ‘IPC 2011-92’, ‘IPC 2014-88’ and ‘IPC 2014-55’ by 5%–44% over check cultivar (p < 0.05). The membrane stability index was higher for ‘IPC 2014-55’ (30%, p < 0.05) and ‘IPC 2011-92’ (17%, p < 0.05) than ‘ICC-92944’. ‘IPC 2011-92’, ‘IPC 2014-88’ and ‘IPC 2014-55’ (3 years mean) had 3%–24% higher plant dry weight than ‘ICC-92944’. Notably, ‘IPC 2014-55’, ‘IPC 2015-44’, ‘IPC 2014-88’ and ‘IPC 2011-92’ had higher yield attributes such as pods plant−1 by 9%, grain weight plant−1 by 13% and 100-seed weight by 3% than ‘ICC-92944’ and ‘KWR 108’ (mean of years). These genotypes had higher mean seed yield than ‘ICC-92944’ by 23%–42% and ‘KWR 108’ by 7%–23% (p < 0.05). The yield of ‘IPC 2014-55’, ‘IPC 2015-44’, ‘IPC 2014-88’ and ‘IPC 2011-92’ were stable over years across variable soil and environmental condition as indicated by the genotype × year biplot. Membrane stability index, pods plant−1 and 100-seed weight were the determinants for increased seed yield of chickpea under drought-prone condition. Evidently, genotype ‘IPC 2014-55’, ‘IPC 2015-44’, ‘IPC 2014-88’ and ‘IPC 2011-92’ were better under rainfed rice fallows. These genotypes could be tested under specific drought condition for developing varieties and promoted in rice fallows of South Asia for yield advantage and drought resistance.

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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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