Misbath Daouda , Annie Carforo , Heather Miller , Jennifer Ventrella , Yu Ann Tan , Michelle Feliciano , Jessica Tryner , Andrew Hallward-Driemeier , Steve Chillrud , Roisin Commane , Diana Hernández , Michael Johnson , Darby Jack
{"title":"没了煤气,有了正义:在纽约市低收入住房中开展的 \"煤气转引风机 \"试点项目的研究结果","authors":"Misbath Daouda , Annie Carforo , Heather Miller , Jennifer Ventrella , Yu Ann Tan , Michelle Feliciano , Jessica Tryner , Andrew Hallward-Driemeier , Steve Chillrud , Roisin Commane , Diana Hernández , Michael Johnson , Darby Jack","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2024.103662","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As cities and states across the United States increasingly commit to building decarbonization, gas stoves are garnering public health attention because, in addition to contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, they may pose a respiratory health risk. Disadvantaged groups, as defined by demographic, socioeconomic, and residential factors, are often late adopters of new technology. To ensure that disadvantaged groups are not left behind from this transition, WE ACT for Environmental Justice, a New York City community-based environmental justice organization, implemented the first pilot of gas-to-electric stove transition in low-income housing. The goal of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the effect of this intervention on indoor air quality and to characterize the distinct experiences of low-income residents.</p><p>Twenty low-income households were recruited and randomized to an intervention (replacement of gas stove with induction stove) and a control arm. Between October 2021 and July 2022, three 168-hr long monitoring campaigns were conducted to assess indoor air quality (NO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and stove use pre- and post-intervention. The impact of cooking events on indoor air quality was further evaluated during controlled cooking tests carried out in both gas and induction homes. To identify key characteristics of the end-user experience throughout this intervention, participants were invited to join focus group discussions.</p><p>Between baseline and endline, 168-hr average NO<sub>2</sub> and CO concentrations decreased in both study arms, likely due to seasonality factors. Still, the induction arm showed a 56 % reduction (95 % CI: −61.9 %, −15.2 %) in mean daily NO<sub>2</sub> concentration compared to the gas arm. During controlled cooking tests, the median background NO<sub>2</sub> concentration (18 ppb) in gas homes rose to 197 ppb and negligibly changed in induction homes. During focus group discussions, participants unanimously reported being pleased with the transition and highlighted quality of life improvements resulting from the unexpected intervention's ability to address energy insecurity concerns.</p><p>Taken together, our quantitative and qualitative results suggest that decarbonization energy transitions can improve health by reducing indoor NO<sub>2</sub> but need to extend beyond single appliance swap-out to address health issues resulting from energy insecurity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Out of Gas, In with Justice: Findings from a gas-to-induction pilot in low-income housing in NYC\",\"authors\":\"Misbath Daouda , Annie Carforo , Heather Miller , Jennifer Ventrella , Yu Ann Tan , Michelle Feliciano , Jessica Tryner , Andrew Hallward-Driemeier , Steve Chillrud , Roisin Commane , Diana Hernández , Michael Johnson , Darby Jack\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.erss.2024.103662\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>As cities and states across the United States increasingly commit to building decarbonization, gas stoves are garnering public health attention because, in addition to contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, they may pose a respiratory health risk. Disadvantaged groups, as defined by demographic, socioeconomic, and residential factors, are often late adopters of new technology. To ensure that disadvantaged groups are not left behind from this transition, WE ACT for Environmental Justice, a New York City community-based environmental justice organization, implemented the first pilot of gas-to-electric stove transition in low-income housing. The goal of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the effect of this intervention on indoor air quality and to characterize the distinct experiences of low-income residents.</p><p>Twenty low-income households were recruited and randomized to an intervention (replacement of gas stove with induction stove) and a control arm. Between October 2021 and July 2022, three 168-hr long monitoring campaigns were conducted to assess indoor air quality (NO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and stove use pre- and post-intervention. The impact of cooking events on indoor air quality was further evaluated during controlled cooking tests carried out in both gas and induction homes. To identify key characteristics of the end-user experience throughout this intervention, participants were invited to join focus group discussions.</p><p>Between baseline and endline, 168-hr average NO<sub>2</sub> and CO concentrations decreased in both study arms, likely due to seasonality factors. Still, the induction arm showed a 56 % reduction (95 % CI: −61.9 %, −15.2 %) in mean daily NO<sub>2</sub> concentration compared to the gas arm. During controlled cooking tests, the median background NO<sub>2</sub> concentration (18 ppb) in gas homes rose to 197 ppb and negligibly changed in induction homes. During focus group discussions, participants unanimously reported being pleased with the transition and highlighted quality of life improvements resulting from the unexpected intervention's ability to address energy insecurity concerns.</p><p>Taken together, our quantitative and qualitative results suggest that decarbonization energy transitions can improve health by reducing indoor NO<sub>2</sub> but need to extend beyond single appliance swap-out to address health issues resulting from energy insecurity.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48384,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Energy Research & Social Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Energy Research & Social Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"96\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629624002536\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"经济学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy Research & Social Science","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629624002536","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Out of Gas, In with Justice: Findings from a gas-to-induction pilot in low-income housing in NYC
As cities and states across the United States increasingly commit to building decarbonization, gas stoves are garnering public health attention because, in addition to contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, they may pose a respiratory health risk. Disadvantaged groups, as defined by demographic, socioeconomic, and residential factors, are often late adopters of new technology. To ensure that disadvantaged groups are not left behind from this transition, WE ACT for Environmental Justice, a New York City community-based environmental justice organization, implemented the first pilot of gas-to-electric stove transition in low-income housing. The goal of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the effect of this intervention on indoor air quality and to characterize the distinct experiences of low-income residents.
Twenty low-income households were recruited and randomized to an intervention (replacement of gas stove with induction stove) and a control arm. Between October 2021 and July 2022, three 168-hr long monitoring campaigns were conducted to assess indoor air quality (NO2, CO, and PM2.5) and stove use pre- and post-intervention. The impact of cooking events on indoor air quality was further evaluated during controlled cooking tests carried out in both gas and induction homes. To identify key characteristics of the end-user experience throughout this intervention, participants were invited to join focus group discussions.
Between baseline and endline, 168-hr average NO2 and CO concentrations decreased in both study arms, likely due to seasonality factors. Still, the induction arm showed a 56 % reduction (95 % CI: −61.9 %, −15.2 %) in mean daily NO2 concentration compared to the gas arm. During controlled cooking tests, the median background NO2 concentration (18 ppb) in gas homes rose to 197 ppb and negligibly changed in induction homes. During focus group discussions, participants unanimously reported being pleased with the transition and highlighted quality of life improvements resulting from the unexpected intervention's ability to address energy insecurity concerns.
Taken together, our quantitative and qualitative results suggest that decarbonization energy transitions can improve health by reducing indoor NO2 but need to extend beyond single appliance swap-out to address health issues resulting from energy insecurity.
期刊介绍:
Energy Research & Social Science (ERSS) is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes original research and review articles examining the relationship between energy systems and society. ERSS covers a range of topics revolving around the intersection of energy technologies, fuels, and resources on one side and social processes and influences - including communities of energy users, people affected by energy production, social institutions, customs, traditions, behaviors, and policies - on the other. Put another way, ERSS investigates the social system surrounding energy technology and hardware. ERSS is relevant for energy practitioners, researchers interested in the social aspects of energy production or use, and policymakers.
Energy Research & Social Science (ERSS) provides an interdisciplinary forum to discuss how social and technical issues related to energy production and consumption interact. Energy production, distribution, and consumption all have both technical and human components, and the latter involves the human causes and consequences of energy-related activities and processes as well as social structures that shape how people interact with energy systems. Energy analysis, therefore, needs to look beyond the dimensions of technology and economics to include these social and human elements.