Systematic Review on Capacity Building through Renewable Energy enabled IoT- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Smart Agroforestry

Agroforestry (AF) aims to produce more ecologically diversified and socially beneficial goods from the land than traditional farming. Capacity building on AF will aid in the information and the production required from agro-forested farms to undergo the technical assistance provided by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and Internet of things (IoT) powered by the Renewable Energy (RE) sources. The potential adoption of these technological advancements in applications has shown tangible results. The pace in the development of UAVs, IoT, and RE has indicated that their applications will make smart-AF very feasible. This paper connects the RE, UAV, and IoT for capacity building in the AF farms. The four phases regarding RE, UAV, and IoT on AF have been constructed and the interpretive ranking on PRISMA extended (IR-PRISMA) has been used to filter and rank the most dominant theme among RE, UAV, and IoT for AF practices. Subsequently, the interventions are categorized into appropriate themes and subthemes. Based on the themes and sub-themes gaps and interdependency are identified and implications for research are discussed. The distribution across the globe and the Direct and Partial Influence (DI and PI) have also been determined to enhance their technological feasibility and potential impact on the AF farmlands considering the crops grown, climatic methods, demographic distribution, and geographic location.

The technological intervention will enhance agriculture 4.0 which highly depends on the RE, UAV, and IoT, especially for AF farms.