Sherzad Khudeida Suleman , Nizar BakirYahya , Stefan Nilsson , Karin Enskär
{"title":"比较使用儿童读物中的彩色追踪图像和被动分散注意力法来减轻儿童插管时的疼痛和恐惧：随机临床试验","authors":"Sherzad Khudeida Suleman , Nizar BakirYahya , Stefan Nilsson , Karin Enskär","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102379","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cannulation can be frightening and a source of pain and fear for pediatric patients. The study evaluated the effectiveness of Trace Image and Coloring for Kids-Book (TICK-B) as active distraction with two passive distractions in reducing children's pain and fear during cannulation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study employed a prospective, controlled, randomized experiment conducted from January 2023 to April 2023 at Heevi Pediatric hospital in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of 176 participants were randomly assigned in to one of four study groups, with 44 participants assigned to each group. The interventions were administered 2–3 min before continued until the cannulation procedure finished. Data were collected through interviews conducted before and after the procedure. Children reported pain using Wong-Baker FACES® scale, and fear evaluated with the Child Fear Scale as an outcome after the cannulation procedure. Children's outcomes during and after procedure were measured 2–3 min after completed procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All distraction methods significantly reduced children's pain and fear compared to the control group. TICK-B showed large effects in reducing average pain (mean difference = -4.65, 95 % CI: -5.67 to -3.65) and fear (mean difference = -2.18, 95 % CI: -2.67 to -1.69) during cannulation. Post-procedure, TICK-B maintained large pain relief (mean difference = -4.10, 95 % CI: -4.98 to -3.22) and fear reduction (mean difference = -1.89, 95 % CI: -2.39 to -1.39) effects. Music listening and cartoon watching both showed improvements compared to the control group, with minimal differences between them in terms of pain and fear during the procedure. Also, the differences were the same after the procedure. No adverse events were reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>All distraction techniques effectively and safely decreased children's pain and fear during cannulation. The TICK-B technique most effectively reduced children's pain and fear during cannulation procedures compared to music-listening and cartoon-watching techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>NCT04977323.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 102379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876382024000490/pdfft?md5=cfe245189763eea4e01a73c061bb2c99&pid=1-s2.0-S1876382024000490-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparing the use of colored Trace Images in Kids' Books with passive distractions to decrease pain and fear during cannulation in children: A randomized clinical trial\",\"authors\":\"Sherzad Khudeida Suleman , Nizar BakirYahya , Stefan Nilsson , Karin Enskär\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102379\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cannulation can be frightening and a source of pain and fear for pediatric patients. The study evaluated the effectiveness of Trace Image and Coloring for Kids-Book (TICK-B) as active distraction with two passive distractions in reducing children's pain and fear during cannulation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study employed a prospective, controlled, randomized experiment conducted from January 2023 to April 2023 at Heevi Pediatric hospital in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of 176 participants were randomly assigned in to one of four study groups, with 44 participants assigned to each group. The interventions were administered 2–3 min before continued until the cannulation procedure finished. Data were collected through interviews conducted before and after the procedure. Children reported pain using Wong-Baker FACES® scale, and fear evaluated with the Child Fear Scale as an outcome after the cannulation procedure. Children's outcomes during and after procedure were measured 2–3 min after completed procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All distraction methods significantly reduced children's pain and fear compared to the control group. TICK-B showed large effects in reducing average pain (mean difference = -4.65, 95 % CI: -5.67 to -3.65) and fear (mean difference = -2.18, 95 % CI: -2.67 to -1.69) during cannulation. Post-procedure, TICK-B maintained large pain relief (mean difference = -4.10, 95 % CI: -4.98 to -3.22) and fear reduction (mean difference = -1.89, 95 % CI: -2.39 to -1.39) effects. Music listening and cartoon watching both showed improvements compared to the control group, with minimal differences between them in terms of pain and fear during the procedure. Also, the differences were the same after the procedure. 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Comparing the use of colored Trace Images in Kids' Books with passive distractions to decrease pain and fear during cannulation in children: A randomized clinical trial
Introduction
Cannulation can be frightening and a source of pain and fear for pediatric patients. The study evaluated the effectiveness of Trace Image and Coloring for Kids-Book (TICK-B) as active distraction with two passive distractions in reducing children's pain and fear during cannulation.
Methods
This study employed a prospective, controlled, randomized experiment conducted from January 2023 to April 2023 at Heevi Pediatric hospital in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of 176 participants were randomly assigned in to one of four study groups, with 44 participants assigned to each group. The interventions were administered 2–3 min before continued until the cannulation procedure finished. Data were collected through interviews conducted before and after the procedure. Children reported pain using Wong-Baker FACES® scale, and fear evaluated with the Child Fear Scale as an outcome after the cannulation procedure. Children's outcomes during and after procedure were measured 2–3 min after completed procedure.
Results
All distraction methods significantly reduced children's pain and fear compared to the control group. TICK-B showed large effects in reducing average pain (mean difference = -4.65, 95 % CI: -5.67 to -3.65) and fear (mean difference = -2.18, 95 % CI: -2.67 to -1.69) during cannulation. Post-procedure, TICK-B maintained large pain relief (mean difference = -4.10, 95 % CI: -4.98 to -3.22) and fear reduction (mean difference = -1.89, 95 % CI: -2.39 to -1.39) effects. Music listening and cartoon watching both showed improvements compared to the control group, with minimal differences between them in terms of pain and fear during the procedure. Also, the differences were the same after the procedure. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion
All distraction techniques effectively and safely decreased children's pain and fear during cannulation. The TICK-B technique most effectively reduced children's pain and fear during cannulation procedures compared to music-listening and cartoon-watching techniques.
期刊介绍：
The European Journal of Integrative Medicine (EuJIM) considers manuscripts from a wide range of complementary and integrative health care disciplines, with a particular focus on whole systems approaches, public health, self management and traditional medical systems. The journal strives to connect conventional medicine and evidence based complementary medicine. We encourage submissions reporting research with relevance for integrative clinical practice and interprofessional education.
EuJIM aims to be of interest to both conventional and integrative audiences, including healthcare practitioners, researchers, health care organisations, educationalists, and all those who seek objective and critical information on integrative medicine. To achieve this aim EuJIM provides an innovative international and interdisciplinary platform linking researchers and clinicians.
The journal focuses primarily on original research articles including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, other clinical studies, qualitative, observational and epidemiological studies. In addition we welcome short reviews, opinion articles and contributions relating to health services and policy, health economics and psychology.
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