Giuseppina Pilloni , T. Charles Casper , Soe Mar , Jayne Ness , Teri Schreiner , Michael Waltz , Emmanuelle Waubant , Bianca Weinstock-Guttman , Yolanda Wheeler , Lauren Krupp , Leigh Charvet
{"title":"反应时间的个体内变异性(IIV)增加是多发性硬化症认知变化的最早指标:一项为期两年的观察研究","authors":"Giuseppina Pilloni , T. Charles Casper , Soe Mar , Jayne Ness , Teri Schreiner , Michael Waltz , Emmanuelle Waubant , Bianca Weinstock-Guttman , Yolanda Wheeler , Lauren Krupp , Leigh Charvet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100486","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis (MS) is common, but unpredictable, and increases with disease duration. As such, early detection of cognitive decline may improve the effectiveness of interventions. To that end, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is effective in detecting slow processing speed as it relates to cognitive impairment, and intraindividual variability (IIV) observed in trials assessing continuous reaction time (RT) may be a useful indicator of early cognitive changes. Here, we will assess cognitive IIV changes in adults with early MS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Adults with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), <11 years since diagnosis, were recruited nationally. Baseline and two-year follow-up assessments included Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS) and Cogstate computerized tests. Intraindividual variability in RT was calculated from psychomotor tasks and data were age-normalized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 44 of the 66 participants completed follow-up (mean age, 34.0 ± 5.5 years; 66 % female; mean disease duration, 4.1 ± 2.9 years; median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, 1.5 [0 to 6.0]). Participants were grouped by SDMT z-score median split. Groups did not differ in demographics or clinical features. The higher baseline SDMT group was faster (<em>p</em> = 0.05) in RT and less variable (lower IIV, <em>p</em> = 0.001). At the two-year follow-up, the higher SDMT group showed increased variability (<em>p</em> = 0.05) compared to the lower SDMT group, with no significant RT or BICAMS changes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In early MS, higher SDMT performance at baseline is associated with less cognitive variability but may indicate susceptibility to increased variability over time, highlighting the importance of monitoring IIV for early cognitive changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1697260024000516/pdfft?md5=a1bdf32dc4c8ad1056cd6835cd6cb381&pid=1-s2.0-S1697260024000516-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) in reaction time is the earliest indicator of cognitive change in MS: A two-year observational study\",\"authors\":\"Giuseppina Pilloni , T. Charles Casper , Soe Mar , Jayne Ness , Teri Schreiner , Michael Waltz , Emmanuelle Waubant , Bianca Weinstock-Guttman , Yolanda Wheeler , Lauren Krupp , Leigh Charvet\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100486\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis (MS) is common, but unpredictable, and increases with disease duration. As such, early detection of cognitive decline may improve the effectiveness of interventions. To that end, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is effective in detecting slow processing speed as it relates to cognitive impairment, and intraindividual variability (IIV) observed in trials assessing continuous reaction time (RT) may be a useful indicator of early cognitive changes. Here, we will assess cognitive IIV changes in adults with early MS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Adults with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), <11 years since diagnosis, were recruited nationally. Baseline and two-year follow-up assessments included Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS) and Cogstate computerized tests. Intraindividual variability in RT was calculated from psychomotor tasks and data were age-normalized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 44 of the 66 participants completed follow-up (mean age, 34.0 ± 5.5 years; 66 % female; mean disease duration, 4.1 ± 2.9 years; median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, 1.5 [0 to 6.0]). Participants were grouped by SDMT z-score median split. Groups did not differ in demographics or clinical features. The higher baseline SDMT group was faster (<em>p</em> = 0.05) in RT and less variable (lower IIV, <em>p</em> = 0.001). At the two-year follow-up, the higher SDMT group showed increased variability (<em>p</em> = 0.05) compared to the lower SDMT group, with no significant RT or BICAMS changes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In early MS, higher SDMT performance at baseline is associated with less cognitive variability but may indicate susceptibility to increased variability over time, highlighting the importance of monitoring IIV for early cognitive changes.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47673,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1697260024000516/pdfft?md5=a1bdf32dc4c8ad1056cd6835cd6cb381&pid=1-s2.0-S1697260024000516-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1697260024000516\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1697260024000516","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) in reaction time is the earliest indicator of cognitive change in MS: A two-year observational study
Background
Cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis (MS) is common, but unpredictable, and increases with disease duration. As such, early detection of cognitive decline may improve the effectiveness of interventions. To that end, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is effective in detecting slow processing speed as it relates to cognitive impairment, and intraindividual variability (IIV) observed in trials assessing continuous reaction time (RT) may be a useful indicator of early cognitive changes. Here, we will assess cognitive IIV changes in adults with early MS.
Methods
Adults with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), <11 years since diagnosis, were recruited nationally. Baseline and two-year follow-up assessments included Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS) and Cogstate computerized tests. Intraindividual variability in RT was calculated from psychomotor tasks and data were age-normalized.
Results
A total of 44 of the 66 participants completed follow-up (mean age, 34.0 ± 5.5 years; 66 % female; mean disease duration, 4.1 ± 2.9 years; median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, 1.5 [0 to 6.0]). Participants were grouped by SDMT z-score median split. Groups did not differ in demographics or clinical features. The higher baseline SDMT group was faster (p = 0.05) in RT and less variable (lower IIV, p = 0.001). At the two-year follow-up, the higher SDMT group showed increased variability (p = 0.05) compared to the lower SDMT group, with no significant RT or BICAMS changes.
Conclusions
In early MS, higher SDMT performance at baseline is associated with less cognitive variability but may indicate susceptibility to increased variability over time, highlighting the importance of monitoring IIV for early cognitive changes.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology is dedicated to publishing manuscripts with a strong emphasis on both basic and applied research, encompassing experimental, clinical, and theoretical contributions that advance the fields of Clinical and Health Psychology. With a focus on four core domains—clinical psychology and psychotherapy, psychopathology, health psychology, and clinical neurosciences—the IJCHP seeks to provide a comprehensive platform for scholarly discourse and innovation. The journal accepts Original Articles (empirical studies) and Review Articles. Manuscripts submitted to IJCHP should be original and not previously published or under consideration elsewhere. All signing authors must unanimously agree on the submitted version of the manuscript. By submitting their work, authors agree to transfer their copyrights to the Journal for the duration of the editorial process.