Degradable cellulose acetate-based waterborne polyurethane sand-fixing agents for sand control in desert regions

In hot and arid desert regions, degradable chemical sand-fixing agents are efficient in dealing with problems caused by wind-blown sand movement without damaging the environment. This study aimed to develop a set of biodegradable sand-stabilizing substances, cellulose acetate (CA)-based waterborne polyurethane (WPU), utilizing CA as a partial hydroxyl provision through an acetone-based technique. The findings demonstrate that all the CA/WPU sand-fixing agents had unique, evenly spherical particles and were fully capable of degradation. The CA/WPU-2 sand-fixing agent contained 20 % polypropylene glycol (PPG) of CA. It showed strong viscosity, thermal stability, and water resistance. Furthermore, seed germination will be hindered by the CA/WPU-2 sand-fixing agent due to its superior sand-fixing capability compared to pure WPU. Consequently, it is suitable for application in arid regions where plant survival is difficult. CA/WPU-6 contained 120%PPG of CA. it showed outstanding O₂ permeability and hydrophilicity due to its significant use of cellulose acetate. In addition, it demonstrated higher wind-blown sand resistance compared to popular commercial sand-fixation production. Furthermore, it sustained a consolidation strength lower than the highest penetration capability for herbaceous plant seeds. Therefore, CA/WPU-6 is a suitable option for establishing vegetation in dry situations. The results of this study address the demand for sustainable production and cost reduction, offering significant potential for industrial applications.