Enhancing public health safety: Development and application of a MoS2@CNT-Chit electrochemical DNA biosensor for rapid and accurate detection of S. Typhi

This study introduces an advanced electrochemical biosensor that utilizes MoS₂@CNT as an electrode material combined with a specific DNA probe to detect Salmonella Typhi rapidly and accurately. The sensor offers a broad detection range from 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ to 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁸ molL⁻¹ and boasts an exceptionally low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.0 × 10⁻²⁰ molL⁻¹ for the target bacterium. It demonstrates a detection range from 1.0 × 10⁴ to 1.0 × 10¹¹ CFUml⁻¹ in real samples, with a corresponding LOD of 1.0 × 10⁴ CFUml⁻¹. Rigorous testing against base mismatches and various bacterial strains confirms its specificity, ensuring reliable performance. Validated in real samples, the biosensor can accurately identify Salmonella Typhi in water and milk, achieving recoveries ranging from 92.95 % to 99.58 %. The exceptional performance of the biosensor is attributed to the MoS₂@CNT electrode material and the specific DNA recognition probe, which enhance electron transfer and reduce steric impedance. These improvements contribute to the sensor's enhanced sensitivity and specificity, making it a significant advancement in public health safety by providing a rapid and accurate tool for detecting Salmonella Typhi in food samples.