David Fitchett, Bernard Zinman, Silvio E Inzucchi, Christoph Wanner, Stefan D Anker, Stuart Pocock, Michaela Mattheus, Ola Vedin, Søren S Lund
{"title":"恩格列净对各类型心肌梗死总事件和其他冠心病结局的影响：随机 EMPA-REG OUTCOME 试验的启示。","authors":"David Fitchett, Bernard Zinman, Silvio E Inzucchi, Christoph Wanner, Stefan D Anker, Stuart Pocock, Michaela Mattheus, Ola Vedin, Søren S Lund","doi":"10.1186/s12933-024-02328-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 inhibitor, on risk for myocardial infarction has not been fully characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study comprised prespecified and post-hoc analyses of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial in which 7020 people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease [mostly atherosclerotic (ASCVD)] were randomized to empagliflozin or placebo and followed for a median 3.1 years. We assessed the effect of empagliflozin on total (first plus recurrent) events of centrally adjudicated fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) using a negative binomial model with robust confidence intervals (CI) that preserves randomization and accounts for the within-patient correlation of multiple events. Post hoc, we analyzed types of MI: type 1 (related to plaque-rupture/thrombus), type 2 (myocardial supply-demand imbalance), type 3 (sudden-death related, i.e. fatal MI), type 4 (percutaneous coronary intervention-related), and type 5 (coronary artery bypass graft-related). MIs could be assigned to > 1 type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 421 total MIs (including recurrent); 299, 86, 26, 19, and 1 were classified as type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 events, respectively. Overall, empagliflozin reduced the risk of total MI events by 21% [rate ratio for empagliflozin vs. placebo, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.620-0.998), P = 0.0486], largely driven by its effect on type 1 [rate ratio, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61-1.04)] and type 2 MIs [rate ratio, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.41-1.10)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In T2D patients with ASCVD, empagliflozin reduced the risk of MIs, with consistent effects across the two most common etiologies, i.e. type 1 and 2.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>URL: https://www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov ; Unique identifier: NCT01131676.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11241944/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.\",\"authors\":\"David Fitchett, Bernard Zinman, Silvio E Inzucchi, Christoph Wanner, Stefan D Anker, Stuart Pocock, Michaela Mattheus, Ola Vedin, Søren S Lund\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12933-024-02328-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 inhibitor, on risk for myocardial infarction has not been fully characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study comprised prespecified and post-hoc analyses of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial in which 7020 people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease [mostly atherosclerotic (ASCVD)] were randomized to empagliflozin or placebo and followed for a median 3.1 years. We assessed the effect of empagliflozin on total (first plus recurrent) events of centrally adjudicated fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) using a negative binomial model with robust confidence intervals (CI) that preserves randomization and accounts for the within-patient correlation of multiple events. Post hoc, we analyzed types of MI: type 1 (related to plaque-rupture/thrombus), type 2 (myocardial supply-demand imbalance), type 3 (sudden-death related, i.e. fatal MI), type 4 (percutaneous coronary intervention-related), and type 5 (coronary artery bypass graft-related). MIs could be assigned to > 1 type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 421 total MIs (including recurrent); 299, 86, 26, 19, and 1 were classified as type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 events, respectively. 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Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.
Background: The effect of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 inhibitor, on risk for myocardial infarction has not been fully characterized.
Methods: This study comprised prespecified and post-hoc analyses of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial in which 7020 people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease [mostly atherosclerotic (ASCVD)] were randomized to empagliflozin or placebo and followed for a median 3.1 years. We assessed the effect of empagliflozin on total (first plus recurrent) events of centrally adjudicated fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) using a negative binomial model with robust confidence intervals (CI) that preserves randomization and accounts for the within-patient correlation of multiple events. Post hoc, we analyzed types of MI: type 1 (related to plaque-rupture/thrombus), type 2 (myocardial supply-demand imbalance), type 3 (sudden-death related, i.e. fatal MI), type 4 (percutaneous coronary intervention-related), and type 5 (coronary artery bypass graft-related). MIs could be assigned to > 1 type.
Results: There were 421 total MIs (including recurrent); 299, 86, 26, 19, and 1 were classified as type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 events, respectively. Overall, empagliflozin reduced the risk of total MI events by 21% [rate ratio for empagliflozin vs. placebo, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.620-0.998), P = 0.0486], largely driven by its effect on type 1 [rate ratio, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61-1.04)] and type 2 MIs [rate ratio, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.41-1.10)].
Conclusions: In T2D patients with ASCVD, empagliflozin reduced the risk of MIs, with consistent effects across the two most common etiologies, i.e. type 1 and 2.
期刊介绍：
Cardiovascular Diabetology is a journal that welcomes manuscripts exploring various aspects of the relationship between diabetes, cardiovascular health, and the metabolic syndrome. We invite submissions related to clinical studies, genetic investigations, experimental research, pharmacological studies, epidemiological analyses, and molecular biology research in this field.
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