肢体重复行为(BFRBs)的动机:与非自杀性自残行为和刻板动作行为的相似之处和不同之处

IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Steffen Moritz, Stella Schmotz, Luca Hoyer, Amitai Abramovitch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景在 DSM-5 中,以身体为中心的重复行为(BFRBs)现在被归入强迫症和相关障碍部分。由于肢体重复行为与其他障碍,尤其是非自杀性自伤行为(NSSI)和刻板动作行为(SMB)的重叠,使得鉴别诊断变得更加复杂。本研究调查了参与者进行BFRBs的动机,以更好地了解BFRBs与NSSI和SMB的不同之处,并确定BFRBs是否最适合定性为强迫谱系障碍。方法对268名患有各种BFRB的患者进行了评估,内容包括他们实施BFRB的动机、合并诊断、伴随BFRB的情绪以及他们是否有对他人和自己实施该行为的冲动。结果实施BFRB的主要动机是释放压力(84.7%)、无聊(51.5%)和满足/快乐(34.7%)。约有三分之一的样本无法提供明确的动机。大多数人对自己的行为感到矛盾。参与者很少有切割行为;16.4%的人在别人身上进行过或想进行切割。仅有 7.5% 的参与者自我报告患有强迫症。讨论患有 BFRBs 的个体对症状的矛盾心理较高;实施行为的主要动机是情绪调节,尤其是压力调节。该研究的局限性在于自我报告评估和评估期间的高流失率。我们需要进一步的研究来澄清,BFRBs、NSSI 和 SMB 是否应该分开,还是应该合并为一个类别,或许还应该加上说明。应重新考虑目前将 BFRBs 归类为强迫症相关障碍的做法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Motives for Performing Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs): Similarities to and Differences from Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious and Stereotypic Movement Behaviors

Background

In the DSM-5, body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) are now classified in the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders section. Differential diagnosis is complicated by the overlap of BFRBs with other disorders, especially non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI) and stereotypic movement behavior (SMB). The present study examined participants’ motives for performing BFRBs to provide a better understanding of how BFRBs may differ from NSSI and SMB and to determine whether BFRB is best characterized as an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder.

Methods

A total of 268 individuals with various BFRBs were assessed with respect to their motives for performing BFRBs, comorbid diagnoses, emotions accompanying their BFRBs, and whether they felt an urge to perform the behavior on others as well as themselves.

Results

The main motives for performing BFRBs were release of stress (84.7%), boredom (51.5%), and gratification/pleasure (34.7%). Approximately one third of the sample were unable to provide a clear motive. The majority were ambivalent about their behavior. Participants rarely engaged in cutting; 16.4% performed a BFRB on someone else’s body or wanted to do so. OCD was self-reported by only 7.5% of the participants.

Discussion

Ambivalence towards symptoms is high in individuals with BFRBs; the main motive for performing the behavior was emotion regulation, particularly of stress. Limitations of the study are the self-reported assessment and the high attrition during the assessment. Further research is needed to clarify whether BFRBs, NSSI, and SMB should be kept separate or should be combined into one category, perhaps with specifiers. The current classification of BFRBs as an OCD-related disorder should be reconsidered.

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来源期刊
Cognitive Therapy and Research
Cognitive Therapy and Research PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
52
期刊介绍: Cognitive Therapy and Research (COTR) focuses on the investigation of cognitive processes in human adaptation and adjustment and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). It is an interdisciplinary journal welcoming submissions from diverse areas of psychology, including cognitive, clinical, developmental, experimental, personality, social, learning, affective neuroscience, emotion research, therapy mechanism, and pharmacotherapy.
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