Finite element modeling of plasmonic resonances in photothermal gold nanoparticles embedded in cells†

The use of plasmonic nanoparticles in performing photothermal treatments in cancer cells requires a full knowledge about their optical properties. The surface plasmon resonance is easily foreseen and measurable in colloidal suspensions, however it can be strongly modified when located inside cells. Assessing the optical behavior of plasmonic nanoparticles in cells is essential for an efficient and controlled treatment. This requires the combination of experimental data and computational models to understand the mechanisms that cause the change in their optical response. In this work, we investigate the plasmonic response of Au nanospheres (AuNSs) internalized into cancer cells (MCF-7). Experimental data are compared to the simulations provided by a 3D model based on a finite element method. We demonstrate the impact of physical parameters such as the type of NS assembly, the surrounding medium and the interparticle gap, in the photothermal efficiency of AuNSs. Results open the avenue to predict, by numerical calculations, the optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles inside cells to minimize treatment costs and times in photothermal therapies.