Ying Zhang, Hong Wang, Hang Yu, Teng Jia, Chuyuan Ma
{"title":"阴极材料对热失控期间锂离子电池气体生成特性的影响","authors":"Ying Zhang, Hong Wang, Hang Yu, Teng Jia, Chuyuan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10694-024-01611-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gas generation of Lithium-ion batteries(LIB) during the process of thermal runaway (TR), is the key factor that causes battery fire and explosion. Thus, the TR experiments of two types of 18,650 LIB using LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM622) as cathode materials with was carried out with different state of charging (SOC) of 0%, 50% and 100%.The temporal variation of battery vent gas (BVG) during the TR process by a multi-component gas measuring instrument and a gas chromatograph. Results showed that both the BVG compositions of LFP battery and NCM622 battery were CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, CO and alkane. The evolution process of BVG in TR can be divided into four stages: gas gestation stage, safety valve opening, accelerated jet and jet termination.The main combustible gases appeared in the order of H<sub>2</sub> > CH<sub>4</sub> > VOC > CO. The order of gas concentrations were CH<sub>4</sub> > H<sub>2</sub> > VOC > CO. For LFP batteries, the concentrations of CH<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, VOC and CO increase with SOC, and no combustion behaviors were observed during the three cases of SOC is 0%, 50% and 100%. While for NCM622 batteries, fire occurred at the case of 100% SOC, and the jet sparks brought a sharp rise of the concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>, VOC and CO in BVG. The results of battery gas production provide a basis for battery safety monitoring and a new idea for the analysis of battery TR ignition behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of Cathode Materials on the Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Gas Generation During Thermal Runaway\",\"authors\":\"Ying Zhang, Hong Wang, Hang Yu, Teng Jia, Chuyuan Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10694-024-01611-y\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Gas generation of Lithium-ion batteries(LIB) during the process of thermal runaway (TR), is the key factor that causes battery fire and explosion. Thus, the TR experiments of two types of 18,650 LIB using LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM622) as cathode materials with was carried out with different state of charging (SOC) of 0%, 50% and 100%.The temporal variation of battery vent gas (BVG) during the TR process by a multi-component gas measuring instrument and a gas chromatograph. Results showed that both the BVG compositions of LFP battery and NCM622 battery were CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, CO and alkane. The evolution process of BVG in TR can be divided into four stages: gas gestation stage, safety valve opening, accelerated jet and jet termination.The main combustible gases appeared in the order of H<sub>2</sub> > CH<sub>4</sub> > VOC > CO. The order of gas concentrations were CH<sub>4</sub> > H<sub>2</sub> > VOC > CO. For LFP batteries, the concentrations of CH<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, VOC and CO increase with SOC, and no combustion behaviors were observed during the three cases of SOC is 0%, 50% and 100%. While for NCM622 batteries, fire occurred at the case of 100% SOC, and the jet sparks brought a sharp rise of the concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>, VOC and CO in BVG. The results of battery gas production provide a basis for battery safety monitoring and a new idea for the analysis of battery TR ignition behavior.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":558,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fire Technology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fire Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-024-01611-y\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fire Technology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-024-01611-y","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of Cathode Materials on the Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Gas Generation During Thermal Runaway
Gas generation of Lithium-ion batteries(LIB) during the process of thermal runaway (TR), is the key factor that causes battery fire and explosion. Thus, the TR experiments of two types of 18,650 LIB using LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) as cathode materials with was carried out with different state of charging (SOC) of 0%, 50% and 100%.The temporal variation of battery vent gas (BVG) during the TR process by a multi-component gas measuring instrument and a gas chromatograph. Results showed that both the BVG compositions of LFP battery and NCM622 battery were CO2, H2, CO and alkane. The evolution process of BVG in TR can be divided into four stages: gas gestation stage, safety valve opening, accelerated jet and jet termination.The main combustible gases appeared in the order of H2 > CH4 > VOC > CO. The order of gas concentrations were CH4 > H2 > VOC > CO. For LFP batteries, the concentrations of CH4, H2, VOC and CO increase with SOC, and no combustion behaviors were observed during the three cases of SOC is 0%, 50% and 100%. While for NCM622 batteries, fire occurred at the case of 100% SOC, and the jet sparks brought a sharp rise of the concentrations of H2, VOC and CO in BVG. The results of battery gas production provide a basis for battery safety monitoring and a new idea for the analysis of battery TR ignition behavior.
期刊介绍：
Fire Technology publishes original contributions, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to the solution of problems in fire safety science and engineering. It is the leading journal in the field, publishing applied research dealing with the full range of actual and potential fire hazards facing humans and the environment. It covers the entire domain of fire safety science and engineering problems relevant in industrial, operational, cultural, and environmental applications, including modeling, testing, detection, suppression, human behavior, wildfires, structures, and risk analysis.
The aim of Fire Technology is to push forward the frontiers of knowledge and technology by encouraging interdisciplinary communication of significant technical developments in fire protection and subjects of scientific interest to the fire protection community at large.
It is published in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). The mission of NFPA is to help save lives and reduce loss with information, knowledge, and passion. The mission of SFPE is advancing the science and practice of fire protection engineering internationally.
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