Amal S. Dajam, Amr E. Keshta, Ahmed A. Bindajam, Rahma N. Al-Qthanin, Muhammad Arshad, Ebrahem M. Eid
{"title":"与过度放牧的红树林相比,红树林(Avicennia marina)的保护有助于提高保护地的碳封存率","authors":"Amal S. Dajam, Amr E. Keshta, Ahmed A. Bindajam, Rahma N. Al-Qthanin, Muhammad Arshad, Ebrahem M. Eid","doi":"10.1007/s42729-024-01878-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coastal mangrove ecosystems have been degraded due to changes in land use and grazing. Here, we assess the differences in population characteristics and sediment organic carbon (SOC) stocks and carbon sequestration rates (CSR) at <i>Avicennia marina</i> protected and grazed locations along the southern Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. Tree density per unit area were counted (tree 100 m<sup>− 2</sup>) and maximum tree height and crown diameter (cm) were measured. Sediment bulk density (SBD, g cm<sup>− 3</sup>), sediment organic carbon (SOC) content (g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>), total SOC stocks (kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>) to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>) were estimated. Protected <i>A. marina</i> trees had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher tree height and crown diameter (119.5 ± 8.3 and 209.6 ± 17.1 cm, respectively) than those of the mangrove trees at the grazed locations (76.8 ± 7.5 and 148.0 ± 23.5 cm, respectively). Sediment of the <i>A. marina</i> trees that are growing at the protected locations had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher SOC content, SOC density, SOC stock to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (21.6 ± 0.5 g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>, 30.5 ± 0.6 kg C m<sup>− 3</sup>, 22.9 ± 1.1 kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>, and 6.7 ± 0.1 g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively) than those of the grazed locations (9.6 ± 0.2 g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>, 14.6 ± 0.2 kg C m<sup>− 3</sup>, 10.9 ± 0.4 kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>, and 3.2 ± 0.0 g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively). Our results provide strong evidence of the vital need to continue conserving <i>A. marina</i>’s population for accumulating more blue carbon for mitigation of global warming and offset greenhouse gas emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Conservation Contributed to a Higher Carbon Sequestration Rate at Protected Sites Compared to Overgrazed Mangrove Forests\",\"authors\":\"Amal S. Dajam, Amr E. Keshta, Ahmed A. Bindajam, Rahma N. Al-Qthanin, Muhammad Arshad, Ebrahem M. Eid\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s42729-024-01878-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Coastal mangrove ecosystems have been degraded due to changes in land use and grazing. Here, we assess the differences in population characteristics and sediment organic carbon (SOC) stocks and carbon sequestration rates (CSR) at <i>Avicennia marina</i> protected and grazed locations along the southern Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. Tree density per unit area were counted (tree 100 m<sup>− 2</sup>) and maximum tree height and crown diameter (cm) were measured. Sediment bulk density (SBD, g cm<sup>− 3</sup>), sediment organic carbon (SOC) content (g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>), total SOC stocks (kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>) to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>) were estimated. Protected <i>A. marina</i> trees had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher tree height and crown diameter (119.5 ± 8.3 and 209.6 ± 17.1 cm, respectively) than those of the mangrove trees at the grazed locations (76.8 ± 7.5 and 148.0 ± 23.5 cm, respectively). Sediment of the <i>A. marina</i> trees that are growing at the protected locations had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher SOC content, SOC density, SOC stock to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (21.6 ± 0.5 g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>, 30.5 ± 0.6 kg C m<sup>− 3</sup>, 22.9 ± 1.1 kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>, and 6.7 ± 0.1 g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively) than those of the grazed locations (9.6 ± 0.2 g C kg<sup>− 1</sup>, 14.6 ± 0.2 kg C m<sup>− 3</sup>, 10.9 ± 0.4 kg C m<sup>− 2</sup>, and 3.2 ± 0.0 g C m<sup>− 2</sup> year<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于土地使用和放牧的变化,沿海红树林生态系统已经退化。在此,我们评估了沙特阿拉伯南部红海沿岸 Avicennia marina 保护区和放牧区的种群特征、沉积物有机碳(SOC)储量和固碳率(CSR)的差异。对单位面积上的树木密度(100 米-2)进行计数,并测量最大树高和树冠直径(厘米)。估算了沉积物体积密度(SBD,克厘米-3)、沉积物有机碳(SOC)含量(克碳千克-1)、75 厘米深的 SOC 总存量(千克碳米-2)和 CSR(克碳米-2 年-1)。受保护的 A. marina 树的树高和树冠直径(分别为 119.5 ± 8.3 厘米和 209.6 ± 17.1 厘米)明显高于放牧地点的红树林(分别为 76.8 ± 7.5 厘米和 148.0 ± 23.5 厘米)(p < 0.05)。生长在保护区的红树林沉积物的 SOC 含量、SOC 密度、75 厘米深度的 SOC 储量和 CSR(21.6 ± 0.5 g C kg-1、30.5 ± 0.6 kg C m-3、22.9 ± 1.1 kg C m- 2,以及 6.7 ± 0.1 g C m- 2 year- 1)高于放牧地(分别为 9.6 ± 0.2 g C kg-1、14.6 ± 0.2 kg C m-3、10.9 ± 0.4 kg C m- 2,以及 3.2 ± 0.0 g C m- 2 year- 1)。我们的研究结果有力地证明,必须继续保护海鳗种群,以积累更多蓝碳,减缓全球变暖,抵消温室气体排放。
Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Conservation Contributed to a Higher Carbon Sequestration Rate at Protected Sites Compared to Overgrazed Mangrove Forests
Coastal mangrove ecosystems have been degraded due to changes in land use and grazing. Here, we assess the differences in population characteristics and sediment organic carbon (SOC) stocks and carbon sequestration rates (CSR) at Avicennia marina protected and grazed locations along the southern Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. Tree density per unit area were counted (tree 100 m− 2) and maximum tree height and crown diameter (cm) were measured. Sediment bulk density (SBD, g cm− 3), sediment organic carbon (SOC) content (g C kg− 1), total SOC stocks (kg C m− 2) to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (g C m− 2 year− 1) were estimated. Protected A. marina trees had significantly (p < 0.05) higher tree height and crown diameter (119.5 ± 8.3 and 209.6 ± 17.1 cm, respectively) than those of the mangrove trees at the grazed locations (76.8 ± 7.5 and 148.0 ± 23.5 cm, respectively). Sediment of the A. marina trees that are growing at the protected locations had significantly (p < 0.05) higher SOC content, SOC density, SOC stock to a depth of 75 cm, and CSR (21.6 ± 0.5 g C kg− 1, 30.5 ± 0.6 kg C m− 3, 22.9 ± 1.1 kg C m− 2, and 6.7 ± 0.1 g C m− 2 year− 1, respectively) than those of the grazed locations (9.6 ± 0.2 g C kg− 1, 14.6 ± 0.2 kg C m− 3, 10.9 ± 0.4 kg C m− 2, and 3.2 ± 0.0 g C m− 2 year− 1, respectively). Our results provide strong evidence of the vital need to continue conserving A. marina’s population for accumulating more blue carbon for mitigation of global warming and offset greenhouse gas emissions.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science.
Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration.
Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies.
Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome.
The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.