Modeling, Mapping and Analysis of Floods Using Optical, Lidar and SAR Datasets—a Review

Abstract

Occurrence of natural disaster can never be prevented, and floods are one among the major natural disaster that affects the human life and economy of the country. Considering the global loss due to floods, various government and non-governmental organisations are focusing on minimising the losses and provide emergency measures during floods. Adopting the recent technologies integrating various datasets will assist in providing response strategies before and after disaster. Flood are mostly based on the climatic conditions and environmental factors and the present review focuses on the reviewing the various remote sensing methodologies that are used in mapping and analysing floods. The review carried out examines various remote sensing methodologies adopting multispectral, light detection and ranging and radar datasets for mapping and predicting floods. The review identified the limitations in flood prediction, risk assessment and hazard analysis and suggests a framework that can be adopted for effective mapping of flood extent and in suggesting the regions that the rescue team should focus during a disaster event.