肠道微生物群对癌症恶病质的影响

IF 5 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Brandon N VanderVeen, Thomas D Cardaci, Brooke M Bullard, Michael Madden, Jie Li, Kandy T Velazquez, Jason L Kubinak, Daping Fan, E Angela Murphy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

癌症恶病质,即癌症患者无意中出现的体重减轻,是一种多器官、多因素综合征,病因复杂且大多不明;然而,代谢功能障碍和炎症仍然是癌症相关消瘦的标志。恶病质表现为肌肉和脂肪组织的损失,而胃肠道的紊乱可能是营养吸收受损和免疫激活性肠道菌群失调的前线。在过去的二十年中,对肠道微生物群的研究呈爆炸式增长,显示出多种肠道组织轴;然而,人们对脂肪和骨骼肌萎缩与肠道微生物群与癌症之间的联系才刚刚开始有所了解。此外,最常用的抗癌药物(如化疗、免疫检查点抑制剂)会对肠道稳态产生负面影响,可能会加剧消瘦并导致患者预后和生存率低下。在本综述中,我们将:1)重点介绍我们目前对恶病质发生的微生物变化的理解;2)讨论微生物变化如何可能导致脂肪和骨骼肌消瘦;3)概述在研究微生物群在癌症诱导的恶病质中的作用时需要考虑的研究设计因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Involvement of the gut microbiota in cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia, or the unintentional loss of body weight in patients with cancer, is a multiorgan and multifactorial syndrome with a complex and largely unknown etiology; however, metabolic dysfunction and inflammation remain hallmarks of cancer-associated wasting. Although cachexia manifests with muscle and adipose tissue loss, perturbations to the gastrointestinal tract may serve as the frontline for both impaired nutrient absorption and immune-activating gut dysbiosis. Investigations into the gut microbiota have exploded within the past two decades, demonstrating multiple gut-tissue axes; however, the link between adipose and skeletal muscle wasting and the gut microbiota with cancer is only beginning to be understood. Furthermore, the most used anticancer drugs (e.g. chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors) negatively impact gut homeostasis, potentially exacerbating wasting and contributing to poor patient outcomes and survival. In this review, we 1) highlight our current understanding of the microbial changes that occur with cachexia, 2) discuss how microbial changes may contribute to adipose and skeletal muscle wasting, and 3) outline study design considerations needed when examining the role of the microbiota in cancer-induced cachexia.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
1.80%
发文量
252
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology is dedicated to innovative approaches to the study of cell and molecular physiology. Contributions that use cellular and molecular approaches to shed light on mechanisms of physiological control at higher levels of organization also appear regularly. Manuscripts dealing with the structure and function of cell membranes, contractile systems, cellular organelles, and membrane channels, transporters, and pumps are encouraged. Studies dealing with integrated regulation of cellular function, including mechanisms of signal transduction, development, gene expression, cell-to-cell interactions, and the cell physiology of pathophysiological states, are also eagerly sought. Interdisciplinary studies that apply the approaches of biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, morphology, and immunology to the determination of new principles in cell physiology are especially welcome.
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