优化井眼换热器现场运行的模拟工具比较

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Elisa Heim, Phillip Stoffel, Stephan Düber, Dominique Knapp, Alexander Kümpel, Dirk Müller, Norbert Klitzsch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

模型预测控制(MPC)是优化地源热泵系统中钻孔热交换器(BHE)性能的一种有效方法。MPC 的核心要素是预测地热动态的前向模型。在这项工作中,我们根据各种运行事件和时间尺度的实际测量数据,验证了四种 BHE 建模方法的预测准确性。我们使用完全离散的三维数值模型、电阻电容模型、g 函数模型和混合模型模拟了离开 BHE 的流体温度。模拟温度与测量温度通过三个验证指标进行了比较,这三个指标分别量化了温度偏移、噪声和精度。测量温度与模型温度不匹配的主要原因是模拟温度的温度偏移。为了消除这种影响,对模型最敏感的参数--地面温度进行了校准,并对其 4 年的预测精度进行了评估。因此,模型校准似乎是考虑未知负载历史的一个可行解决方案。结果表明,电阻-电容模型在短期内能提供准确的预测,而 g 函数模型则能提供长期预测。然而,这两种模型都在很大程度上依赖于精确的校准。混合模型能提供最准确的短期和长期预测,而且对校准的依赖性较低。不过,与其他模型相比,将其集成到优化语法中仍是一个挑战。虽然混合模型尚未应用于模型预测控制,但它是优化不同时间尺度的热电联产现场运行的理想选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparison of simulation tools for optimizing borehole heat exchanger field operation

Model predictive control (MPC) is a promising approach for optimizing the performance of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) in ground-source heat pump systems. The central element of MPC is the forward model that predicts the thermal dynamics in the ground. In this work, we validate the prediction accuracy of four BHE modeling approaches against real-world measurement data across various operational events and timescales. We simulate the fluid temperature leaving a BHE using a fully discretized 3-D numerical model, a resistance–capacitance model, a g-function model, and a hybrid model. The simulated temperatures are compared to measured temperatures using three validation metrics that quantify temperature offset, noise, and accuracy. The main reason for a mismatch between measured and modeled temperatures is a temperature offset of the simulated temperature. To remove this effect, the models were calibrated for their most sensitive parameter, the ground temperature, and their prediction accuracy over 4 years was evaluated. Thereby, model calibration seems to be a viable solution to account for an unknown load history. The results show that the resistance–capacitance model provides decent predictions in the short term and the g-function model in the long term. However, both models are strongly dependent on accurate calibration. The hybrid model provides the most accurate short and long-term predictions and is less dependent on calibration. Still, its integration into optimization syntax poses challenges compared to the other models. Although not yet applied in model predictive control, the hybrid model stands out as a promising choice for optimizing BHE field operations across various timescales.

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来源期刊
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
25
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.
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