Elissa M. Olimpi, Alison Ke, Patrick Baur, Liz Carlisle, Kenzo E. Esquivel, Tyler Glaser, William E. Snyder, Hannah Waterhouse, Timothy M. Bowles, Claire Kremen, Daniel S. Karp
{"title":"农场周围未开垦的半自然栖息地有利于鸟类保护，但不会增加食源性病原体风险","authors":"Elissa M. Olimpi, Alison Ke, Patrick Baur, Liz Carlisle, Kenzo E. Esquivel, Tyler Glaser, William E. Snyder, Hannah Waterhouse, Timothy M. Bowles, Claire Kremen, Daniel S. Karp","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01907-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Conservation in working landscapes is critical for halting biodiversity declines and ensuring farming system sustainability. However, concerns that wildlife may carry foodborne pathogens has created pressure on farmers to remove habitat and reduce biodiversity, undermining farmland conservation. Nonetheless, simplified farming landscapes may host bird communities that carry higher foodborne disease risks.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We analyzed the effects of local farming practices and surrounding landscapes on bird communities and food-safety risks across 30 California lettuce farms. Specifically, we sought to determine how farmland diversification affects bird diversity, fecal contamination, and foodborne pathogen incidences, thereby identifying potential tradeoffs between managing farms for bird conservation versus food safety.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We surveyed birds at 227 point-count locations, quantified fecal contamination along 120 transects, and assayed 601 bird feces for pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i> spp<i>.</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. We then used hierarchical models to quantify effects of farm management and landscape context on bird communities and food-safety risks.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Surrounding ungrazed seminatural areas were associated with higher bird diversity, more species of conservation concern, and fewer flocks that may increase risks from foodborne pathogens. In contrast, on-farm diversification practices and surrounding grazing lands offered weaker bird conservation benefits. Surrounding grazed lands were associated with more potentially pathogenic bird feces in crop fields.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that habitat conservation around produce farms could support bird conservation without increasing foodborne pathogens, especially on farms further from grazing lands. Thus, interventions that diversify farming systems offer potential to simultaneously conserve biodiversity and provide safe food for human consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ungrazed seminatural habitats around farms benefit bird conservation without enhancing foodborne pathogen risks\",\"authors\":\"Elissa M. Olimpi, Alison Ke, Patrick Baur, Liz Carlisle, Kenzo E. Esquivel, Tyler Glaser, William E. Snyder, Hannah Waterhouse, Timothy M. Bowles, Claire Kremen, Daniel S. Karp\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10980-024-01907-y\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Context</h3><p>Conservation in working landscapes is critical for halting biodiversity declines and ensuring farming system sustainability. However, concerns that wildlife may carry foodborne pathogens has created pressure on farmers to remove habitat and reduce biodiversity, undermining farmland conservation. Nonetheless, simplified farming landscapes may host bird communities that carry higher foodborne disease risks.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Objectives</h3><p>We analyzed the effects of local farming practices and surrounding landscapes on bird communities and food-safety risks across 30 California lettuce farms. Specifically, we sought to determine how farmland diversification affects bird diversity, fecal contamination, and foodborne pathogen incidences, thereby identifying potential tradeoffs between managing farms for bird conservation versus food safety.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Methods</h3><p>We surveyed birds at 227 point-count locations, quantified fecal contamination along 120 transects, and assayed 601 bird feces for pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i> spp<i>.</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. We then used hierarchical models to quantify effects of farm management and landscape context on bird communities and food-safety risks.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Results</h3><p>Surrounding ungrazed seminatural areas were associated with higher bird diversity, more species of conservation concern, and fewer flocks that may increase risks from foodborne pathogens. In contrast, on-farm diversification practices and surrounding grazing lands offered weaker bird conservation benefits. Surrounding grazed lands were associated with more potentially pathogenic bird feces in crop fields.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that habitat conservation around produce farms could support bird conservation without increasing foodborne pathogens, especially on farms further from grazing lands. Thus, interventions that diversify farming systems offer potential to simultaneously conserve biodiversity and provide safe food for human consumption.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54745,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Landscape Ecology\",\"volume\":\"7 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Landscape Ecology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01907-y\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Landscape Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01907-y","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Ungrazed seminatural habitats around farms benefit bird conservation without enhancing foodborne pathogen risks
Context
Conservation in working landscapes is critical for halting biodiversity declines and ensuring farming system sustainability. However, concerns that wildlife may carry foodborne pathogens has created pressure on farmers to remove habitat and reduce biodiversity, undermining farmland conservation. Nonetheless, simplified farming landscapes may host bird communities that carry higher foodborne disease risks.
Objectives
We analyzed the effects of local farming practices and surrounding landscapes on bird communities and food-safety risks across 30 California lettuce farms. Specifically, we sought to determine how farmland diversification affects bird diversity, fecal contamination, and foodborne pathogen incidences, thereby identifying potential tradeoffs between managing farms for bird conservation versus food safety.
Methods
We surveyed birds at 227 point-count locations, quantified fecal contamination along 120 transects, and assayed 601 bird feces for pathogenic E. coli, Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. We then used hierarchical models to quantify effects of farm management and landscape context on bird communities and food-safety risks.
Results
Surrounding ungrazed seminatural areas were associated with higher bird diversity, more species of conservation concern, and fewer flocks that may increase risks from foodborne pathogens. In contrast, on-farm diversification practices and surrounding grazing lands offered weaker bird conservation benefits. Surrounding grazed lands were associated with more potentially pathogenic bird feces in crop fields.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that habitat conservation around produce farms could support bird conservation without increasing foodborne pathogens, especially on farms further from grazing lands. Thus, interventions that diversify farming systems offer potential to simultaneously conserve biodiversity and provide safe food for human consumption.
期刊介绍：
Landscape Ecology is the flagship journal of a well-established and rapidly developing interdisciplinary science that focuses explicitly on the ecological understanding of spatial heterogeneity. Landscape Ecology draws together expertise from both biophysical and socioeconomic sciences to explore basic and applied research questions concerning the ecology, conservation, management, design/planning, and sustainability of landscapes as coupled human-environment systems. Landscape ecology studies are characterized by spatially explicit methods in which spatial attributes and arrangements of landscape elements are directly analyzed and related to ecological processes.
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