{"title":"农业废弃物水碳的热化学特性及其作为固体燃料补充的效率","authors":"Sadish Oumabady , Satish K. Bhardwaj , Sangeetha Piriya Ramasamy , Shamsudeen U. Dandare , Ruben Sakrabani , Rory Doherty , Sree Nanukuttan , Deepak Kumaresan","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107299","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circular approaches to revalorise waste biomass from agriculture and food production sectors are crucial for developing a sustainable bioenergy strategy. For instance, while the demand for edible mushroom cultivation has increased globally, the production generates a substantial amount of waste biomass, known as Spent Mushroom Substrate (MS). Thermochemical biomass conversion technologies such as hydrothermal carbonisation offers a robust strategy to produce “hydrochar” from the wet biomass and can be used downstream for various environmental applications. In this study, we assess the feasibility of MS-derived hydrochar for energy application, specifically as a blend with coal. The key parameters for the hydrochar production such as temperature, time and moisture content were optimised (205 °C, 3.65 h, and 73.18 %, respectively) using a statistical tool “Response Surface Methodology (RSM)” to obtain a carbon material with higher yield and calorific value. The hydrochar from MS exhibited an acidic pH (4.42), increased fixed carbon content (23.7 %), reduced sulphur content (0.26 %), coarser porous surface, enhanced oxygenated functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl and ketonic) and the formation of minerals like Sodium Carbonate (NaCO<sub>3</sub>), whewellite (CaC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) and gypsum (CaSO<sub>4</sub>). Combustion behaviour of hydrochar was also assessed using calorimetry and thermogravimetry, specifically to test different coal and hydrochar blends on the feasibility of using hydrochar as a supplement to conventional solid fuels. Our results suggest that a blend of 20 % hydrochar with 80 % coal as an ideal blending ratio (with a calorific value of 27.65 MJ kg<sup>−1</sup>) highlighting the use of hydrochar as supplement with conventional fuel like coal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0961953424002526/pdfft?md5=77007b52a760108d2d40c4e2e3f2fb19&pid=1-s2.0-S0961953424002526-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Thermochemical characterisation of hydrochar from agricultural waste and its efficiency as a supplement with solid fuel\",\"authors\":\"Sadish Oumabady , Satish K. Bhardwaj , Sangeetha Piriya Ramasamy , Shamsudeen U. 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The key parameters for the hydrochar production such as temperature, time and moisture content were optimised (205 °C, 3.65 h, and 73.18 %, respectively) using a statistical tool “Response Surface Methodology (RSM)” to obtain a carbon material with higher yield and calorific value. The hydrochar from MS exhibited an acidic pH (4.42), increased fixed carbon content (23.7 %), reduced sulphur content (0.26 %), coarser porous surface, enhanced oxygenated functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl and ketonic) and the formation of minerals like Sodium Carbonate (NaCO<sub>3</sub>), whewellite (CaC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) and gypsum (CaSO<sub>4</sub>). Combustion behaviour of hydrochar was also assessed using calorimetry and thermogravimetry, specifically to test different coal and hydrochar blends on the feasibility of using hydrochar as a supplement to conventional solid fuels. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
采用循环方法重估农业和食品生产部门废弃生物质的价值,对于制定可持续生物能源战略至关重要。例如,虽然全球对食用菌种植的需求有所增加,但生产过程中会产生大量废弃生物质,即所谓的废蘑菇基质(MS)。热化学生物质转化技术(如水热碳化)提供了一种从湿生物质中生产 "水碳 "的可靠策略,并可在下游用于各种环境应用。在本研究中,我们评估了 MS 衍生水煤浆用于能源应用的可行性,特别是作为煤的混合物。利用统计工具 "响应面方法(RSM)"对水炭生产的关键参数进行了优化,如温度、时间和水分含量(分别为 205 °C、3.65 h 和 73.18 %),以获得产量和热值更高的碳材料。由 MS 制得的水炭的 pH 值呈酸性(4.42),固定碳含量增加(23.7%),硫含量降低(0.26%),表面更粗糙多孔,含氧官能团(羟基、羧基和酮基)增强,并形成了碳酸钠(NaCO3)、麦饭石(CaC2O4-H2O)和石膏(CaSO4)等矿物。我们还使用量热仪和热重仪来评估水煤灰的燃烧性能,特别是测试不同煤炭和水煤灰混合物的燃烧性能,以了解使用水煤灰作为传统固体燃料补充的可行性。我们的研究结果表明,20% 的水煤炭与 80% 的煤炭混合是理想的混合比例(热值为 27.65 兆焦耳/千克-1),这突出表明水煤炭可用作煤炭等传统燃料的补充。
Thermochemical characterisation of hydrochar from agricultural waste and its efficiency as a supplement with solid fuel
Circular approaches to revalorise waste biomass from agriculture and food production sectors are crucial for developing a sustainable bioenergy strategy. For instance, while the demand for edible mushroom cultivation has increased globally, the production generates a substantial amount of waste biomass, known as Spent Mushroom Substrate (MS). Thermochemical biomass conversion technologies such as hydrothermal carbonisation offers a robust strategy to produce “hydrochar” from the wet biomass and can be used downstream for various environmental applications. In this study, we assess the feasibility of MS-derived hydrochar for energy application, specifically as a blend with coal. The key parameters for the hydrochar production such as temperature, time and moisture content were optimised (205 °C, 3.65 h, and 73.18 %, respectively) using a statistical tool “Response Surface Methodology (RSM)” to obtain a carbon material with higher yield and calorific value. The hydrochar from MS exhibited an acidic pH (4.42), increased fixed carbon content (23.7 %), reduced sulphur content (0.26 %), coarser porous surface, enhanced oxygenated functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl and ketonic) and the formation of minerals like Sodium Carbonate (NaCO3), whewellite (CaC2O4·H2O) and gypsum (CaSO4). Combustion behaviour of hydrochar was also assessed using calorimetry and thermogravimetry, specifically to test different coal and hydrochar blends on the feasibility of using hydrochar as a supplement to conventional solid fuels. Our results suggest that a blend of 20 % hydrochar with 80 % coal as an ideal blending ratio (with a calorific value of 27.65 MJ kg−1) highlighting the use of hydrochar as supplement with conventional fuel like coal.
期刊介绍:
Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials.
The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy.
Key areas covered by the journal:
• Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation.
• Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal.
• Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes
• Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation
• Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.