全球畜产品环境影响多指标评估

IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Giorgio A. Bidoglio , Florian Schwarzmueller , Thomas Kastner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

受日益增长的富裕人口、不断变化的饮食习惯和生活方式的驱动,预计未来几十年对畜产品的需求将激增。满足这一需求将给土地系统带来更大的压力。畜牧业经济日益全球化的供应链将使这些影响中的许多影响与牲畜饲养地进一步脱钩。在这项研究中,我们确定了全球畜牧业生产对三个环境指标的影响强度:森林砍伐、生物多样性丧失和海洋富营养化。为此,我们使用了全球农作物(和牧草)生产、贸易和在畜牧生产系统中用作饲料的数据,以及畜牧生产数据。我们发现,在热带地区,中南美洲、东南亚和非洲中西部的森林砍伐和生物多样性影响强度最高。相比之下,北欧、南亚和东亚国家的海洋富营养化强度值最高。我们的分析表明,畜牧业生产系统的不同效率和饲料来源模式造成了差异。例如,在生产反刍动物肉类的放牧系统中,所产生的影响强度主要来自草的消耗。在集约化和工业化生产系统中,大部分森林砍伐以及在较小程度上对生物多样性的影响都与进口大豆饲料有关。我们的研究结果有助于确定哪些畜牧生产系统和国家符合优先行动目标,以及使其畜牧生产系统更具可持续性的潜在切入点。这些结果还可用于帮助消费者比较不同畜牧食品类型之间和内部的影响。最终,了解全球畜产品供应链对环境的影响有助于制定更好的监管政策和以科学为基础的干预措施,以保护陆地和海洋生态系统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A global multi-indicator assessment of the environmental impact of livestock products

A global multi-indicator assessment of the environmental impact of livestock products

Driven by a growing and more affluent population, changing diets and lifestyles, the demand for livestock products is expected to surge in the next decades. Satisfying this demand will result in additional pressures on land systems. The increasingly globalized supply chains of the livestock economy will further decouple many of these impacts from the places where livestock are reared. In this study, we determined the impact intensities of global livestock production across three environmental indicators: deforestation, biodiversity loss and marine eutrophication. To this end, we used global data on the production of crops (and grass), their trade and use as feed in livestock-production systems, as well as livestock production data. We found the highest deforestation and biodiversity impact intensities in the tropics in Central and South America, Southeast Asia and Central Western Africa. In contrast, the highest values for marine eutrophication intensities were found in countries located in Northern Europe and in South and in East Asia. Our analyses show differences caused by varying efficiencies in livestock production systems and by the sourcing patterns of feed items. In grazing systems for the production of ruminant meat, for example, the resulting impact intensities are dominated by the consumption of grass. In intensive and industrialized production systems, the bulk of the deforestation and, to a lesser extent, biodiversity impacts are linked to imported soybean feed. Our results can help identify livestock production systems and countries that would qualify as priority action targets, as well as potential entry points to make their livestock production systems more sustainable. They can also be used to assist consumers in comparing impacts across and within livestock food product types. Ultimately, understanding the environmental impacts embodied in global supply chains of livestock products can help create better regulatory policies and science-based interventions for protecting terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

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来源期刊
Global Environmental Change
Global Environmental Change 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
18.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
146
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Global Environmental Change is a prestigious international journal that publishes articles of high quality, both theoretically and empirically rigorous. The journal aims to contribute to the understanding of global environmental change from the perspectives of human and policy dimensions. Specifically, it considers global environmental change as the result of processes occurring at the local level, but with wide-ranging impacts on various spatial, temporal, and socio-political scales. In terms of content, the journal seeks articles with a strong social science component. This includes research that examines the societal drivers and consequences of environmental change, as well as social and policy processes that aim to address these challenges. While the journal covers a broad range of topics, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coasts, food systems, land use and land cover, oceans, urban areas, and water resources, it also welcomes contributions that investigate the drivers, consequences, and management of other areas affected by environmental change. Overall, Global Environmental Change encourages research that deepens our understanding of the complex interactions between human activities and the environment, with the goal of informing policy and decision-making.
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